Study On Nitrogen、Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilizer On Yield Of Several Vegetables In Hubei Province

Vegetables are the second largest after food crops, but the amount of fertilizer is about2.48times the average grain fertilizer. For a long time, as a result of the large amount of vegetable fertilizer inputs, it led to the decline in quality of vegetable safety and serious environmental pollution. In this study,3414trial design were used to study the different N, P and K fertilizer on vegetable yield. The main results were as follows:1. The effect of N, P and K on the yield of pepper. Compared with no fertilizer treatment, the yield of pepper increased by2387.3～4930.7kg/hm2, the increase rate of29.5%to61%.From the comparison of various factors in different levels, the pepper yield increased by837～1899kg/hm2,1252～1860kg/hm2,824～2169kg/hm2respectively when increase the amount of fertilizer N (150～450kg/hm2), P(75-225kg/hm2), K (90-270kg/hm2)than non-nitrogen, non-phosphorus, non-potassium treatments. In different levels, the highest yield increasement was1899kg/hm at N150,1860kg/hm at P150,2169kg/hm2at K180. According to the amount of fertilizer and yield fitting equations to calculate the highest yield, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were249.8kg/hm2,147.4kg/hm2, and182.4kg/hm2.2. The law of the nutrient demand of pepper. Under the experimental conditions, the fertilizer of N3.34-3.77kg、P2O51.15～1.21kg. K2O3.18～3.54kg are needed to produce1000kg pepper fruits.3. The effect of N, P and K fertilizer on the quality of pepper fruit. The content of pepper fruit vitamin C tended to increase with the increase of N, P, and K amount within a certain range. It increased41.4%when fertilizing N300compared with non-nitrogen. It increased18%when fertilizing P150compared with non-potassium. It increased59.9%when fertilizing K270compared with non-potassium. The influence of fertilizer on the content of nitrate, it seems to be upward with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, N150, N300and N450increased nitrate content22mg/kg,30mg/kg,31mg/kg respectively than non-nitrogen (June3rd). At the same nitrogen fertilizer (300kg/hm2), the nitrate content decreased21.1-27.2mg/kg,12.2-16.6mg/kg respectively when increasing phosphorus75-225kg/hm2, potassium90～270kg/hm2. 4. The statistical analysis of the test, which have40test points of Chinese cabbage in six regions including enshi and shennongjia,22test points of radish in four regions including xiaogan and yichang,8test points of cabbage in xiaonan and yunmeng region respectively, the results are as follows：氮肥127.5～195kg/hm2,磷肥45～120kg/hm2,钾肥60～120kg/hm2;萝卜推荐施肥量为氮肥120～337.5kg/hm2,磷肥75～105kg/hm2,钾肥120～180kg/hm2;包菜推荐施肥量为氮肥200～225kg/hm2,磷肥60～75kg/hm2,钾肥97.5～127.5kg/hm2。The yield of Chinese cabbage, radish and cabbage were different due to the different regions and different species.The quantity of recommended fertilization of Chinese cabbage is N127.5～195kg/hm2, P2O545～120kg/hm2、K2O60～120kg/hm2. The quantity of recommended fertilization of radish is N120～337.5kg/hm2, P2O575～105kg/hm2、 K2O120～180kg/hm2. The quantity of recommended fertilization of cabbage is N200～225kg/hm2, P2O560～75kg/hm2、K2O97.5～127.5kg/hm2.