Assessment Of Nuclear And Cytoplasmie DNA Polymorphism In Brassica Oilseeds

Rapeseed is one among the four most important oil plants, with a production of millions tons per year. It is of great significance for the world’s economy and people’s life. Brassica campestris is one of three main types of rapes. It can not only produce oil, but also be used as vegetables. Brassica napus has the largest planting area among other types. While its breeding, we have to continue introducing new variations to widen its gene map. The genetic relationships of different types of brassica campestris (190cases), one of the three main types, during its evolution are studied in the experiment, using chloroplast SSR technique. Then, the variations of brassica napus, kale and brassica carinata are studied, so as to find suitable source variation groups to widen the gene map of brassica napus. It is found by the study that:1. A study to the DNA genetic diversity of190brassica campestris’s chloroplast, using cpSSR technique, shows that there are two class (I and II) groups at a genetic distance of0.62in the190cases, and that179cases are in class group I. All vegetables-type brassica campestris, except ATC95373, and most oil-type brassica campestris are included in class group Ⅰ.And at the genetic distance of0.92, class group I is further divided into18subgroup, including a very large subgroup which includes65.8%oil-type brassica campestris and72.9%vegetables-type brassica campestris. Haplotypes analysis showed most vegetables-type brassica campestris are included in H1. It showed that chloroplast is indeed very conservative during evolution, but can also maintain a rich polymorphism in a certain large group.2. The genetic diversity of the group mainly consist of brassica napus, kale and brassica carinata and complementarity of allelic variation among different species are studied using SSR primer of C genome. The experiment, using UPGMA analysis, principal component analysis and complementary analysis of allelic variation, showed that the three main species type have a rich polymorphism in C genome. Among them, kale has the richest polymorphism and the largest number of allelic variations, so it can provide brassie napus with the most abundant complementary allelic variations.3. An analysis to the genetic diversity of brassica campestris, using chloroplast SSR primer, showed that chloroplast SSR primer can well be used to analysis the genetic relationships of plants, as well as many other species, during their evolution.