| Grape fertilization is the key link in the production of grapes. So the fertilization qualityinfluences the yield and quality of the grapes directly. The research of vineyards fertilizationmachinery in our country is just on the start stage, low mechanization level, labor intensiveand inefficient. It has been influenced the orchard workers’ enthusiasm to grow grapesseriously.To counter the problems above, the vineyard deep fertilization machine was designed.The fertilization machinery was composed mainly by frame, power transmission device,eccentric vibratory mechanism, open ditch device, and fertilization device and so on. Variousparts were designed by AutoCAD and3D drawing software Pro/E. Kinematics analysis andfinite element analysis about the key parts were finished by related software when the virtualassembly was finished by Pro/E software, and then verified its feasibility. The fertilizationdepth was tested when the prototype was finished. The specific studies of this article are asfollows:The selection and design of each component were composed by theoretical calculation.The frame is three-point linkage type. The opener is chisel-shaped furrow opener includingscraper knife and shovel handle. The fertilizing plant is composed mainly wheel drivingsystem, fertilizer can, fertilizer emissions institutions, fertilizer feeding pipe and so on. Inorder to solve the problem that the big working resistance of the opener and the fertilizermachinery couldn’t be driven by small tractor, the eccentric vibratory mechanism wasdesigned based on the mechanism of resistance decrease vibratory soil cutting. So the openerachieved the function of vibrating ditch. The eccentric vibratory mechanism was composedmainly by eccentric wheel, linkage, shaker arm and so on. The eccentric vibratory mechanismmakes the vibration direction perpendicular to the direction of the tractor. The tractor’s outputshaft output the power when it is working. The power is passed to the gearbox by universalcoupling, and then it drive the eccentric agencies turn. The vibration horn is driven by linkagedoes simple harmonic vibration. The opener works in soil by vibration of the form. Theeccentric shaft was replaced by spindle and eccentric wheel to achieve the function ofeccentricity. The eccentric wheel saves the material and reduces the cost on machining.Kinematics simulation and finite-element analysis were finished respectively for theopener by ADAMS and Pro/MECHANIC software. The tracks of the shovel knife tip weresimulated by ADAMS software. It got all sorts of trajectory curve about different depths and different b numerical. We can get that in the depth of600mm fertilization conditions, theShovel’s amplitude is19.2mm which is the best solutions. Two designed models of theopener were studied with finite-element analysis by Pro/MECHANIC software, and then weget the stress figure, displacement figure and strain figure. We can get that if the fertilizationdepth and force are the same, the maximum stress and maximum displacement of the opener-Ⅰare both less than the values of the opener-Ⅱ. The shovel handle was optimized by thebehavior modeling function of Pro/E. It improves the structure of shovel handle and reducesthe maximum stress when it suffers the same working resistance.Based on the theoretical analysis, production trial and field test were implemented. Theresult showed that the maximum depth is0.35m when it used two openers and0.5m when itused one opener in the condition of that the tractor’s speed is3km/h. It can satisfy therequirements of the farmers. The vibratory vineyard deep fertilization machine can finishdigging a ditch, fertilizing and covering soil all at once. So it replaces mechanical ditch,artificial fertilization and artificial turns the soil three procedures completely. It improves thework efficiency of the vineyard and reduces the burden of the farmers. And, it can be used forother economic crop, such as wolfberry. So it is a type of multi-used machinery. It hasexcellent social and economic effectiveness. |
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