Study On Chemical Characterization, Structural And Bioactive Of Tea Polysaccharides Isolated From Tea Leaves, Flowers And Seeds

Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is the second largest beverageconsumption in the world, which has aroused great interest amongresearchers, this article main studied on the separation, purification,chemical composition, structure and activity of polysaccharides fromtea leaves, flowers and seeds. These studies have the extremely vitalsignificance to exploit the tea polysaccharides and also can make fulluse of camellia resource, then to create good economic and socialbenefits. The content of this article main research as follow:1) Three water-soluble polysaccharide conjugates were isolatedfrom the leaves (TLPS), flowers (TFPS) and seeds (TSPS) of green tea(Camellia sinensis) by boiling water extraction, the properties andchemical compositions of TLPS, TFPS and TSPS were analyzed withHPGPC, IC, and IR methods. The results showed that TLPS, TFPS and TSPSall consisted of rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, glucose and galactose,GalA, GulA, but mannose was not observed in TSPS. The molecularweight distribution of TLPS and TFPS were higher than TSPS. Thebioactivity of TLPS and TFPS were better than TSPS, too.2) TFPS and TSPS separated and purified by using macroporous resinadsorption, anion-exchange and gel chromatography methods, andwe had obtained two kinds of homogeneous polysaccharides ATFPS1and ATFPS2for TFPS, the molecular weight were100KD and200KD,respectively. We had obtained three kinds of homogeneouspolysaccharides NTSPS, ATSPS1-1and ATSPS2for TSPS, the molecularweight were4.588D，500KD and100KD, respectively.3) The primary structure of tea polysaccharides were studied byhigh performance gel permeation chromatography, ionchromatography, infrared spectroscopy, methylation, periodateoxidation-Simth degradation and1H NMR and13C NMR spectroscopy techniques, etc. Results showed NTFPS, ATSPS1-1and ATSPS2werepolysaccharides-binding protein and composed of18kinds of aminoacids. NTFPS mainly consists of rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucoseand galactose. ATFPS1, ATFPS2and ATFPS3mainly consists of rhamnose,arabinose, glucose, galactose, glu cturonic acid and galacturonic acid.NTSPS mainly consists of arabinose, glucose and galactose, ATSPS1-1mainly consists of fucose rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, galactose andglucturonic acid, ATSPS2mainly consists of glucose, galactose, xyloseand ribose.4) By using the technique of SEM, CD, LS and Congo-red reaction,the three-dimensional conformation and solution behavior of teapolysaccharides were studied. Results showed tea polysaccharides hadthe hemi-flexible and high branch chain. The conformation could bechanged by the factors of pH, temperature, ion intensity, ultrasonic,microwave, etc. The results of SEM and DSC indicated that the statestructure of tea Polysaccharides was noncrystal，and the vitrificationtemperature was70℃. In short, the changes of the externalenvironment will affect the three-dimensional conformation andsolution behavior of tea polysaccharides.5) Toxicological and biological activity of tea polysaccharides werebeen studied. Results showed that TLPS, TFPS and TSPS have not toxic,and the maximum tolerated large amount in the10mg/kg. The immuneactivity and antitumor activity of TFPS were significantly higher than TSPS.At the concentration of400μg/ml, the activity of every component ofTFPS and TSPS were highest, and the activity of ATSPS1-1and ATFPS2were higher than other components.