Preliminary Study About Ammonia Volatilization Characteristic In Soil On Water And Nitrogen Distribution With Water Storage Pit Irrigation

China is not only a large agricultural country, but it is also a large water-shortage country. Agriculture is the lifeblood of the national economy. In the economic development of the increasingly rapid today, how to effectively improve water and nutrient use efficiency in agricultural production, to become the new topic of agricultural research. Water storage pit irrigation method, Professor Sun Xihuan proposed in recent years, is a water-saving new method which is suited to mountainous and hilly areas of agricultural production and irrigation.In nutrient requirement, nitrogen is one of the essential nutrients to promote plant growth. But the nitrogen applied to soil ammonification and denitrification will result in the loss. Ammonification will produce ammonia volatilization, ammonia volatilization is a main way about loss of nitrogen. For this reason, the study of ammonia volatilization in soil water storage pit irrigation under the fertilizer irrigation and fertilization conditions, has practical value in promoting the development of the national agricultural technology. At the same time, it plays an important role in studying transformation of the migration of nitrogen in the soil and analysing of the specific factors that affect ammonia volatilization. It also has a new contribution to the development of water-saving irrigation techniques and water-saving theory. It has important strategic and practical significance to improve water and nitrogen use efficiency, reduce water and fertilizer loss, optimize the structure of resources and scientific and standardized irrigation management. It provides a theoretical basis to the development and promotion of rational irrigation system, application of water storage pit irrigation in China arid and semi-arid regions and orchards reasonable irrigation and fertilization.In this paper, according to the Taigu apple orchard experimental data obtained analyse rules about ammonia volatilization at different radial distance, ammonia volatilization from the storage pit depth, ammonia volatilization under the different fat concentration conditions, ammonia volatilization with time, space law. Specific rules are as follows:(1) The ammonia volatilization rate of the overall trend is an increase with the number of days the first peak, and then gradually reduced. Among them, the more filling fat concentration is, the short time of the ammonia volatilization to peak,and the peak is relatively large;(2) Under certain other factors, the greater the concentration of fertilizer solution, the faster the rate of ammonia volatilization, the more volatilization;(3) Ammonia volatilization from ammonium nitrogen is directly related to, the higher the content of the place, the faster the rate of ammonia volatilization;(4) Under the conditions of the different fat concentration in the storage pit, in various parts of the ammonia volatilization with time in general is relatively gradually reduced. Ammonia volatilization reaches the maximum peak around the seventh day,and from then on, with the meteorological conditions and other external conditions change around the ammonia volatilization in the slight fluctuations of the background value;(5)Under the conditions of the different fat concentration, the ammonia volatilization rate of the storage pit bottom was significantly greater than that of the upper and the middle;(6) Influence on ammonia volatilization at different distances is that ammonia volatilization rate from the stem at50cm almost all to be maximized,80cm to be the second. In other words, that from the storage pit more closer, the faster the rate of ammonia volatilization, reverse is true;(7) In different vertical distances, ammonia volatilization basic along with the increase of the depth and added fast;(8) In the water storage pit, temperature has no significant effect on ammonia volatilization rate, or ammonium nitrogen content influence ammonia volatilization.;(9) Through the experimental comparison can be obtained, ammonia volatilization quantity under the condition of irrigation water storage pit relative to peak between4-7days. And in the surface irrigation, the ammonia volatilization from the last few days to reach a peak;(10)A comsparative Study of ammonia volatilization from water storage pit irrigation method and surface irrigation conditions can know, ammonia volatilization from the water storage pit irrigation significantly less than the amount of ammonia volatilization from surface irrigation conditions which prove that water storage pit irrigation method can preserve water and nutrients,meanwhile,it can improve the efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer under certain extent. Surface irrigation not only lead to waste water, but cause a huge loss of nitrogen.