Research On Plant Population Characteristics And Spatial Pattern Of ATB Opencast Coal Mine Land Reclamation

Restoration of damaged ecosystem in mining area as an important measure ofsustainable development has caused extensive concerns.Timely understanding of theecosystem restoration process of vegetation community quantity and spatialdistribution characteristics,and take a simple and effective evaluation method toanalysis the stage achievement of the recovery ecosystem,guide the recovery processin a positive direction is the important guarantee of sustainable development inmining area.This article in Antaibao open pit coal mine as the researchobject,discussing the plant quantitative characteristics and distribution regularity ofthe reclamated land’recovery ecological by the species richness index,evennessindex,diversity index and important value.Using Programita pattern analysissoftware and R statistical software comparative analysis of constructive species’spatial distribution of earlier and later,and the mature stage and juvenile stages of thespatial distribution features.From the point of view of plant diversity, compared to the early, at present thenumber of plant species is richer,tree layer update individual number is large,herblayer surface covering effect is good,effective control of soil erosion anddesertification phenomenon,the ecological system is at the stage of steadydevelopment.In short,the reclamation work has yielded fruitful results. The speciesdiversity index calculation results show that:the species richness index,evennessindex and diversity index of SⅢ,reclamated of Robinia pseudoacacia, Elm andAilanthus altissima,is the largest.Updating the individual abundance,comprehensiveevaluation of recovery effect is best.And the S Ⅴ,reclamated of Robiniapseudoacacia has the minimum value,recovery effect is the worse.But because of thelower density of tree layer, herb layer can absorb enough light energy for their owngrowth need,cause the higher richness index and diversity index,has certainadvantages compared to other land reclamation.The calculation results of the important value show that early planted species occupy the absolute dominantposition in the tree layer of reclamation.But in the herb layer,species planted in theearly such as Medicago sativa L has serious degeneration,replaced by Asteraceaeand Poaceae which have drought tolerance and barren resistant.The local indigenousspecies have a advantage position.Analysis from the community spatial distribution pattern,under the combinedinfluenced of early planted mode,biological characteristics internal relationshipbetween species and habitat conditions,community spatial distribution have changedsignificantly after17years’ reclamation.And the early planted mode has themaximum impact,indicate that the ecosystem restoration is still in recovery stage ofsuccession,still has a distance from the natural ecological system that spatialdistribution is mainly affected by habitat conditions and intraspecific andinterspecific relationship.Scale size has important implication on spatial distributionpattern,study of different scales,the spatial distribution pattern will be different.Juvenile plants to cluster distribution in order to get the biggest competitiveadvantage,in small scale performance for the cluster distribution characteristics, withthe increase of scale,behave as a stochastic distribution and uniform distribution.Cluster strength reduction is in favor of mature individuals to obtain sufficientresources,performance for the uniform distribution or random distributioncharacteristics.