Study On The Grassland Protective Institutions In Plateau Pasture

Maqu, the first meander of Yellow River, is the important water supply area andadjustment and storage area in the upper Yellow River, known as “water tower of theplateau”，within the territory of it, there are large-scale、laminating alpine wetland, which isthe most representative and original, and one of the most completely preserved naturalwetland in the world. Maqu grassland is pregnant with ecological system of grassland、forest、wetland, and it is also a significant ecological barrier in the upper Yellow River，havingfunctions of hydrological adjustment、climate regulation and biodiversity maintenance, whichis playing an irreplaceable role on ecological security、maintenance resource in Yellow Riverbasin. In the past three decades, because of double effects of human and natural factors,ecological environment of grassland is deteriorated and ecosystem function is decay even lost,and the groundwater of wetland in the first meander of Yellow River lower than before, whichaffect the sustainable development in the alpine pasture and income increasing of herders, andalso are with the safety of ecological security in Yellow River basin. The purpose of this studyis to describe the condition、degree and level of ecological security in Maqu grassland byquantitative evaluating of ecological security, making the ecological security in Maqugrassland quantitative and maneuverable, and provide the guidance and basis for formulatingand perfecting protective system of grassland as well as ecological security managementOn the basis of analysis of current situation and under the guidance of“state-pressure-response” model, Maqu grassland, the important water-supply area of YellowRiver, is empirically analyzed by using the entropy-right method and comprehensiveevaluation method. The results show that: the comprehensive index of ecological insecurity ofsustainable development in Maqu grassland is0.4115、0.4126、0.4133、0.4010, respectively,in2001-2004,which are in the state of “slightly insecure”，while in other years are in the stateof “relatively safe”. It suggests that ecological insecurity of Maqu grassland is changing from“relatively safe” to” less safe”, and ecological insecurity is continues to deteriorate. Thereasons that influencing ecological security of Maqu grassland are analyzed, aiming atecological security status, and influence that grassland system mechanism on ecologicalenvironment and ecological security are analyzed key from the formal institution、informalinstitution and implementation mechanism. And to the present problems in the current system,designs system, the couplet door contracts system should be the main contract system.