Effects Of AMF On Growth, Yield And Quality In Toyonoka

Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are mutualistic symbioses, which form between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the roots of host plants. They can assist the host to enhance the ability of absorbing the nutrients, and thereby play a role as transported carrier between soil and host plants. Thus, arbuscular mycorrhizas are important for the growth, development and production of host plants. In this article, we studied the effects of different AMF (G mosseae and G. versiforme) on the growth, yield and fruit quality of Toyonoka. The main results are as follows.1. Effects of sterilized substrate on the growth and development of AMFAfter inoculation with AMF in sterilized substrate, the AMF colonization and the spore density in the substrate were significantly increased, and spore density was positive correlation with the AMF colonization. In June, the AMF colonization reached the maximum, which were 98.71% of G. versiform and 97.34% of G. mosseae, compared with 35.33% of control. The dynamics of spore density showed, from mid-May to mid-August, the quantity of spore increased slowly and in mid-August, it increased dramatically. And the differences of spore density between different treatments were greatest in September. In the substrate inoculated with G. mosseae, spore density was greatest, reached to 8277/100 g dry soil, followed by inoculated with G. versiforme 6557/100 g dry soil. And the range of spore density in the control was slower, with only 2987 spores per 100 g dry soil.2. Identification of indigenous species diversity and effects of AMF on the soil propertiesIn the substrate, G. chimonobambusae, G. etunicatum, G geosporum, G. tortuosum, G. claroideum, A. laevis and A.gerdemannii existed in the aboriginal soil. Whether with substrate sterilized or not, inoculation with AMF improved the absorption of nutrients in soil and raised the utilization ratio of degradable N, available P and K. Inoculation with mixed inoculate (G. mosseae+G. versiform) in the sterilized substrate was more beneficial for the absorption of nutrients from substrate.3. Effects of AMF on the growth and yield of strawberryWhether with substrate sterilized or not, the plant height, stem diameter, single leaf area and crown increased by inoculation with AMF, which promoted the stimulation of dry matter in stem, leaf and root and improved the transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive growth of strawberry. The single plant production of strawberry was significantly raised, reached to 17.01%-59.58%, and blossom advanced 3-4 d and fruits matured 5-7 d in advance. In the condition of sterilized substrate, the improvement of growth by AMF was more obvious. And the inoculation with G. mosseae was better than the other two treatments.4. Effects of AMF on the quality of strawberryWhether with substrate sterilized or not, inoculation of AMF could significantly increase the single fruit-weight, TD and LD, vertical diameter of strawberry fruit and promote the quality of strawberry including sugar/acid ratio, soluble sugars, soluble solids and Vc content of fruit of strawberry. Compared with control, with AMF inoculation in the sterilized substrate, the improvement of fruit quality of strawberry was more obvious. And inoculation with G. mosseae was more obvious than the other two treatments, significantly improved the fruit quality of strawberry, and could have beneficial effects on the commercial production and economic benefits.