Preliminary Study On Plant Landscape Planning And Design Of Wetland In Heilongjiang Province

Our country’s wetland area ranks fourth in the world, first in Asia, as of2012, China’s wetlandprotection and construction has made great achievements, which has more than50%of the naturalwetlands have been effectively protected, there are41Wetlands of International Importance,building all kinds of as much as550Wetland Nature Reserve, nearly300National Wetland Park.However, With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing of reclamation of wetlands inrural areas, China’s wetland area continues to decrease. With the acceleration of urbanization andthe increasing of reclamation of wetlands in rural areas. Requirements from the construction ofecological civilization and beautiful Chinese, there is still a certain gap.The wetlands are the most valuable resource of human beings, the wetland landscape for itsunique original ecological characteristic is developed and used by the large scale, huge potentialvalue of wetland has been more and more human cognition, wetlands can flood control anddisaster reduction, pollution control, ecological restoration, improve the climate, beautify theenvironment, flood control, to adjust runoff and maintain the ecological balance of the area; forwetlands habitats for survival of animals and plants have the protection of the role; also have richurban landscape, for people to understand the wetland to provide a natural place of popular science;facilitate the wetland and its relevant scientific research, at the same time, it provides an ideal andecological place for people to play and alleviate the pressure of work.Plants as an important part of the wetland landscape, not only has multiple ecologicalfunctions, but also has multiple landscape value, plant landscape design is the wetland landscapereasonable planning and give full play to its ecological functions important starting point.Heilongjiang province is China’s northeastern provinces. There are regional special in thehistory, geographical location and city construction. There are Heilongjiang River, the SonghuaRiver, Ussuri River three major river systems in Heilongjiang Province, and there are XingkaiLake, Jingpo Lake, Lianhuan lake and Wudalianchi four large lakes and dotted with bubble marsh.The drainage area of50square kilometers of the river in the province more than1918, rich inwater resources. Because of three River and its tributaries role, along the coast of the river coastthroughout the various types of wetland, forming the ecological protection network inHeilongjiang province. At the same time, the natural wetlands of the Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province, was reduced by the early liberation of the5million hectares to the present910,000hectares, approximately78%of the loss of wetland area. These figures show that:protection, restoration and construction of Wetland and wetland plant landscape of Heilongjiangprovince has extraordinary practical significance. However, research on the wetland ofHeilongjiang province has made some achievements in practice and theory, understanding ofwetland plant landscape is not profound, most people think simply tree planting, flowers and grass.Therefore, it has epoch-making significance to improve the wetland plant landscape theory relatedto the protection of Heilongjiang province.Recommended major plant species and mode structure of the Wetland in HeilongjiangProvince, provides the basic approaches and techniques for the Heilongjiang province wetlandplant landscape design, in order to wetland plants landscape design of Heilongjiang Province in thefuture be able to learn. The main contents are as follows:(1) Through the research on the related books and literature about aspects of wetlands, andcombing the domestic and foreign research progress, determined research direction, researchmethods and main content.(2) In the collection of relevant data for analysis, at the same time, conduct field investigations,and the full understanding of the wetland resources and plant city wetland park landscape presentsituation of Heilongjiang province area, summed up the main problems existing in the wetlandlandscape in Heilongjiang Province, the initial systematic induction and recommend suitablewetland plant species of landscape design in Heilongjiang province.(3) Combined with Heilongjiang province in the tropical region characteristic and culture, climate,natural resources and other factors, analysis of the factors affecting the composition of thelandscape design of wetland plants, explore the plant and the individual elements of collocationpoints and nature reserve wetland, city leisure wetland and ecological agriculture mode of threekinds of pattern design of wetland plants.(4) Through the field research, statistical analysis of wetland plants in Heilongjiang Province, andcombining the relevant theories and principles of wetland landscape design. In the practice on thebasis of the theory, to Wetland Plant Landscape Design in Fangtai as an example, studiedlandscape design practice of wetland plants in frigid zone.