| With the rapid development of the world economy, the urban traffic congestion has become a social problem and hindered the economic development. Thus how to solve the traffic problems of the city is the key to the development of the city.Many countries take means of Transportation Demand Management (TDM) to alleviate traffic congestion. In recent years many scholars have made extensive research, and also achieved a certain effect in many major cities. Congestion pricing is an effective method to solve the problem and it has many benefits, however it is not fair to everyone. Therefore some scholars proposed to use the method called the trading traffic credits.This paper first introduces the current countries to ease traffic congestion. The countries often adopt the strategies including the congestion pricing strategy, followed by the introduction of the tradable travel credits strategy and so on. Then the paper qualitatively analyses the difference between them. The paper is respectively the system shortest time and the minimum cost of the system as the goal to establish the model and calculate the quantity of the tradable travel credits and flow distribution. Then this paper establishes bi-objective programming of the system optimization and also proves the existence of charge the travel credits which can make converted solution of multi-user Pareto optimal into equilibrium. Then the paper analyses in the multi-user case the road or path flow can automatically become optimal solution under the strategy.At last, the paper also introduces two system performance deviation factors which are a minimum time system performance deviation and a minimum travel costs the system performance deviation. Then this paper calculates this upper bound which equals to the radio of the highest to the lowest the value of time among all user classes and has nothing to do with other factors explained by the examples. Thus this paper has some practical significance for urban traffic congestion. |
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