Study On Urban Forest Landscape Pattern In Shanghai Pudong New District

The2007Spot and2008TM image of Shanghai Pudong New District was analyzed using GIS and RS in this paper, which was employed to estimate the tree canopy cover (TCC) and landscape pattern characteristics。 The study area covers533km2and the building up area252km2. The conclusions are as follows:(1) Based on land use pattern the7landscape elements were classified in the study area, or building, road, farm land, water, urban forest patch and green belt. The study area covers533km2and the building up area252km2. The area of Buildings is34201.35hm2, accounting for62.29%of the whole study area, which could be identified as the matrix; The area of roads is1851.98hm2, accounting for3.47%, and it is a typical corridor landscape, and meanwhile a hard pavement surface including buildings and road reached up to67.64%of the whole area. This is consistent with the general characteristics of the city. The area of urban forest patch is2743.47hm2, accounting for5.15%of the study area; The area of greenbelt is3758.48hm2, accounting for7.05%, thus the both categories occupied12.2%of the total area. The number of greenland patches is at most6664, urban forests2403. Shape index indicated that the patch shape for the landscape is complex and irregular, not similar to square. Shannon diversity index of landscape as a whole was1.2824, Shannon evenness index was0.6167, the higher patch density and lower cohesion index decreased, indicated that the landscape was more fragmentation, and the patch distribution was more uneven(2) The total area of urban forest patch is27.43km2in the study area, mainly in the Century Park, golf courses, Jiangbin Forest Park and the belt of Pudong. Patch shape index was58.0925, patch fractal dimension is1.3615, which reflects to some extent the characteristics of their human disturbances. Contagion indices is88.311in the study area and85.6124in the building up area, these difference indicating that the city built-up areas had the more fragmentation characteristic for urban forest patch, which showed that the number of urban forest patches became more and size smaller, mostly were type of plantation.(3) A transect from commercial center to suburb (from west to east) was made to compare gradient variation of tree canopy cover as well. The gradient analysis showed that in the west end of the transect SHDI and SHEI increased to0.70and0.44respectively, then decreased eastward since the second plots (from the commercial center of3to5km), The both indices all show a decreasing trend from commercial center to suburb, SHDI from1.29down to the lowest0.49, SHEI from0.66down to 0.26. The gradient change of PLAND is significant. From the first plots to The the fourth, patches number of urban forest increased continually, which from41to158in the fourth plot (9km from west end), then decreased to less than100. The variation magnitude of fractal dimension in the transect is not very significant, its value was1～1.5, the lowest was1.189, and the maxium in the city center, away from the city center also form1.299to1.277respectively, the others was around1.3.(4) The tree canopy cover was7.02%and the area of tree canopy cover was3743.15hm2in study area. The tree canopy cover was10.27%and the area of tree canopy cover was2591.98hm2in building up area. Compared the tree canopy cover of different land use type in study area:the highest TCC was the tree belt,than park＞road＞resident＞others＞agriculture＞industry＞commercial.And in in building up area::the highest TCC was also the tree belt, then road＞esident>others＞industry＞agriculture＞commercial.(5)the potential tree canopy cover (technical) can reach to8.68%-9.79%in total study area, and11.49%～12.3%in building up area; TCC gradient based on transect analysis showed that the TCC increased gradually from west to east in building up area, and reached to its highest at the ring forest then reduced significantly. TCC are various significantly for different land use, such as the ring forest had the highest, then par、road、resident and commercial was lowest. And it estimate that there are3.68million trees in Pudong, and2.55million trees in building up area; thus at least can add trees of0.3million in total area and0.35millon trees in building up area.