Multi-objective Topology Optimization And Finite Element Analysis To A Heavy Automobile Frame

As the core part of the non-load-type automobile body, frame’s function is tosupport the assembly or connect the components of the automobile, and it also bearsmost of the load car. While working, frame will bear the bending moment and shearstrength from the bending and shear loads. And it will vibrate because of thestimulation from road surface and axle. As we known, frame’s performance is directlyrelated to automobile’s performance, so the frame structure performance isparticularly important. In this paper, a heavy automobile frame is tried to design bythe method of multi-objective topology optimization.At first, the history of the structure optimization and it’s significant role in themordern product design are introduced. And the basic theory of Finite ElementMethod and topology optimization based on SIMP(solid isotropic microstructureswith penalization) are studied. And then, according to the basic size parameters of aheavy automobile’s frame and the constraints of some basic power assembly, a initialgrid model is established. At the same time, six typical load steps are choosed. So theFinite Element model is built, according to the different main loads and the differentboundary conditions of the frame. The study belongs to a multi-objective topologyoptimization, so the linear weight method is used in this paper to slove the problem.The optimization model takes the maximum weight stiffness(minmum weightcompliance) of the six load steps as the objective function, the volume ratio as theconstraint function, in order to make a try in this field. Afer the study of other frames,and according to the results of the topology optimization, a3-D model is built. Inorder to learn the performance of the frame, a Finite Element Analysis of the frame ismade in the second part of the paper. Through the static analysis, the distribution ofthe stress and displacement, as well as their maximun vaules are got. Through the freemodal analysis, sixteen natural frequency and vibration mode are got. All the resultsof these calculations show that the frame performance meets the design requirements.Through the preliminary study in the paper, the advantages of the topologyoptimization are indicated obciously. I’m sure the method will must be applied tomore fields.