Study And Realization Of The High-speed Railway Track Vibration Monitoring System

Since the birth of the world’s first high-speed rail in Japan in October1964, the high-speed railway, with the advantages—fast speed, safety, reliability, energy saving, economy and large capacity, has become the significant trend of the development of transportation industry in the world. The track, the necessity of train transportation, plays the role of guiding the locomotive to move smoothly and safely, bears the loads coming directly from the wheels, and passes it to the roadbed, bridge or tunnel.The vibration caused by the friction of rolling stock and track increases as a result of high acceleration of the existing railway and rapid development of high-speed rail. The same is true of the alternating stress amplitude and the acceleration of vibration of track and its various components. Furthermore, the power system will develop in the direction of the high-speed, complexity, lightweight in order to adapt to the driving speed. As a result, the problems of engineering vibration and noise become particularly prominent, and thus increasingly become the concern of the public, particularly along the railway track and around the urban area. Vibration nuisance induced by high-speed train not only affects the normal life and work of residents alongside, but also damages the surrounding buildings, transport vehicles, as well as the use of precision instruments to a certain degree.The thesis, after studying the high-speed railway track vibration, has designed a new type of track vibration monitoring system. The research work includes the following five steps:Firstly, this thesis reviews the developing process of the high-speed rail both in the world and in China, and then elaborates the vibration nuisance caused by the high-speed rail in details.Secondly, it studies the structures of traditional track and high-speed railway track, and analyses the causes of track vibration and noise.Thirdly, it analyses the technology of modern vibration measurement, and then designs a vibration signal acquisition system based on embedded technology and USB2.0interface. The system, with891-2vibrometer as vibration sensor to acquire the signals on the track, and LPC2148as a central control chip, achieves a single-channel/16channels,16high-speed, high-precision continuous acquisition.Fourthly, it systematically studies the technology of virtual instrument, then designs application software successfully by using Lab VIEW, and achieves the analysis of acquisition signals in time domain, analysis of frequency domain, real-time display and data playback.Finally, this thesis systematically studies the USB2.0interface protocol, completes the preparation of the embedded program, uses NI-VISA to generate the USB interface driver, successfully achieves the data communication and effectively improves the transmission speed.The test result shows that this monitoring system, with the advantages of stable performance, fast transmission speed, and high precision of signal-acquisition, is suitable for engineering monitoring of the vibration on the rail track, and has a certain practical and promotional value.