Preparation And Supercapacitive Performance Of Carbon-based Conducting Polymer Composites Materials

Carbon-based materials are playing an important role in energy conversion and storage because of their particular physical and chemical properties. Based on carbon materials, PANI/MWNTs nanocomposites, porous carbonized PANI-coated MWNTs electrode materials and NiO/MWNTs materials are synthesized by different method, respectively. Moreover, their corresponding electrochemical performance are investigated, the results can be summarized as follows:1. Preparation of polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PANI/MWNTs) nanocomposites and their electrochemical performance. PANI/MWNTs with novel spurs-like PANI morphology were synthesized via in situ polymerization. The microstructure observation showed that MWNTs with about15nm in diameter and50nm in length are coated by spurs-like PANI outlayers. The morphology and surface structure are characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR and XRD. In addition, their electrochemical performance are measured by galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements. The results suggest that PANI/MWNTs nanocomposites possess a higher specific capacitance of256F/g at0.5A/g in the electrolyte of1M H2SO4. In addition, the spurs-like PANI/MWNTs nanocomposites were mixed with GO or r-GO, their specific capacitance obviously enhance. Hence, the composites are promising electrode material in supercapacitor.2. Preparation of porous carbonized PANI-coated MWNTs electrode materials and their electrochemical performance. Porous carbonized PANI-coated MWNTs electrode materials are prepared by in situ polymerization of PANI-coated MWNTs and a subsequent carbonization at800℃. The morphology, surface structure, spective surface area of as-prepared samples are investigated by TEM, XRD, XPS analysis and N2gas absorption-desorption isotherms. The results exhibit that MWNTs sre coated by PANI layer and possess a higher spective surface area. Furthermore, their electrochemical performance are characterized by cyclic voltammograms (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements, which shows a higher specific capacitor of209F/g than that of pristine MWNTs (20F/g) at0.5A/g in the electrolyte of1M H2SO4. However, carbonized PANI/MWNTs nanocomposites were mixed with GO or r-GO, their specific capacitance obviously reduced. The result is that the specific area of C-PANI/MWNTs-GO or C-PANI/MWNTs-rGO decrease, although the conductivity of them increase, the total factors lead to their specific capacitance decline.3. Preparation of carbonized PANI/MWNTs/NiO nanocomposites and their electrochemical performance. PANI/MWNTs/NiO were synthesized by in situ polymerization. The prepared nanocomposites were dipped in NiCl2·6H2O aqueous solution. Followed by washing and drying in100℃. At last the obtained samples anealing at800℃for2h. The morphology and surface sturcture can be observed by TEM, XRD and N2gas absorption-desorption isotherms. Moreover, the specific performance were measured by means of galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements. The results display that NiO/MWNTs nanocomposites possess a lower spectific capacitor of37F/g at0.5A/g in the electrolyte of1mol/L KOH.