A Case Study On Evolution Of Urban Space Form Of Northwest Arid Areas Oasis Of Cities (1949~2010)

The development of oasis cities in northwest arid area is restricted by ecologicalenvironment, the form of urban space has a typical characteristic of adapting to theecological constraints. Research of this urban spatial form has great value andsignificance on sustainable development of oasis cities in the ecologically fragileconditions. This paper selected Korla city, the capital of Bayingolin MongolAutonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Province in the northwest arid region of China, assubject.Which is a typical oasis city in Tarim river basin. Take Korla s development andchanges in urban space and construction land as an entry point, we analysed theevolution feature, influencing factors, the internal mechanism of urban spatial form andits ecologically suitable development model by using the literature analysis, siteexploration, investigation and spatial analysis.First of all,on the basis of the foundation of our country, the establishment of Korlacity, the prediction of Korla industrialization levels and other factors, according to thethe evolution characteristics of the urban space itself, the evolution of urban spacemorphology can be divided into three stages: first, take Hui people district as the center,the city formed a spatial form of punctiform accumulation; in the second stage, itformed a few development zone in the periphery of the city and become a space form ofspreading enclaves; In the third stage, taking living city as the main point, it becomesfilling expansion space form by filling the gap plots between the groups of the urbanenclaves and relying on the the suburbs formed by industrial layout. During theevolution process of urban space, in the early year of city, it mainly developed by self-organized. After1980s, several independent groups formed by saltatorydevelopment, and gradually tend to the internal space-filling. To the21st century, thenew area of the urban edge start to expand. The structure of the city center develop froma single center pole nucleus to multi-group hierarchy structure, and finally to theprimary and secondary center development model.Secondly, we analyzed the evolution track, characteristics, dynamic factors andmechanism of urban spatial form of Korla, and evaluated its spatial pattern and formwith space compact ratio, fractal dimension and other analysis method. Then weexplored the intrinsic relationship among the evolution of urban spatial form,urbansocial economic development changes and oasis ecology from the perspective ofecological suitability. Finally, we summarize the regularity characteristics of the Korlaurban space form evolution, to provide decision-making basis for the urban planningand construction developmentThe results shows that Korla s development is affected by its natural condition andoasis resource endowment, location advantages and traffic structure, economic, andsocial development, policy guidance and motivation of project. The urban spatial formappears as a jumping and spreading development succession characteristics in differentperiods. Korla city should insist on a sustainable development which based onecological suitability and ecological priority. Then explore an advanced urban planningtheory which adapt to ecological suitability development of oasis city by integrating andoptimizing the existing resources, so as to make its development in a state of theregulation and ensure its ordered development process.