Study On Ionic Liquids Catalyst For Oligomerization Of1-decene And Application Of Synthetic Base Oil

On the basis of the preparation of alkylimidazoHum-based ionic liquids catalyst, the low viscosity poly-a-olefin synthetic base oil PAOz (100℃KV5～7mm2·s-1) was prepared from1-decene. The effects of conditions and the catalyst on the poly-a-olefin synthetic base oil were studied, such as the molar ratio between anion and cation, the content of catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction time and ionic liquid catalyst reuse efficiency. The results showed the better experimental conditions, they were,the molar ratio between [Bmim]Cl and AlCl3was1.0:2.5, the mass fraction of catalyst was7%, the reaction temperature was80℃and the reaction time was4h. The40℃kinematic viscosity of PAOZ was25.33mm2·s-1; the100℃kinematic viscosity of PAOz was5.30mm2·s-1; the viscosity index was148; the pour point was-76℃; the flash point was162℃.The reaction process was characterized by the React IRTM analytical system. The better reaction time was verified by analyzing components concentration and functional group characteristic absorption peak dynamic changed over time. At the same time, the polymerization mechanism was deduced. The molecular structures of PAOz were characterized by IR. The results showed that PAOz had long side-chain and regular structures, but still had some double bond.The product was characterized by H NMR and C NMR. The results showed that there was isomerization reaction in oligomerization, and oligomers composed of complex. But its degree of branching was as small as0.1684, and had high content of n-alkanes.The TG results showed the initial weight loss temperature was200℃and larger molecular weight compounds thermal cracking temperature was up to431℃. Then PAOz which of excellent thermal stabilities lost lubricating property.In this paper, three application of PAOz were studied, including susceptibility of viscosity index improver, susceptibility of extreme pressure and anti-wear agents and preparation of semi-synthetic base oil with domestic class Ⅱ base oil. The susceptibility of poly(hexadecyl methacrylatc) was batter than poly (octadecyl methacrylate). Viscosity index was increased by17and6respectively when pure dosage of poly(hexadecyl methacrylate) and poly(octadecyl methacrylate) was0.8%.The susceptibility of HN was batter than HM. when HM and HN added to the PAOz, maximum nonseizure load(PB value) was increased about83.7%and92.5%respectively, and oil sintered load(the PD value) was increased about56%and41%respectively, and the wear scar diameter of the steel ball was significantly decreased by37.5%and42.5%.Semi-synthetic base oil was prepared with PAOZ and domestic class Ⅱ base oil. The mineral base oil viscosity-temperature performance improvement effect was Ⅱ10>Ⅱ6>Ⅱ30.