| Areas where economies lag behind those of others but with a good ecological environment also yearn for development. This study, by adopting the method of symptom analysis, theoretical framework construction, empirical study and strategy analysis, provides a definition of the concept of ecological capital, constructs a theoretical framework of ecological capital operation, and conducts an empirical analysis of the eco-conserving division in Liangjiang New District, Chongqing. The goal of the study, is to search for a sustainable development way with balance among ecology, economy and society for regions like this, which can give enlightenment to further development.Ecological capital refers to the kind of ecological resources, now or in the future, provides product flow or service flow for the comprehensive development of society, economy and ecology by itself or integrated with other resources, and has a definite usufruct subject. For the convenience of the study, based on the theory of eco-system, ecological capital is classified into forest-ecological capital, marine-ecological capital, grassland-ecological capital, wetland-ecological capital and farmland-ecological capital. Ecological capital has ordinary features of capital such as scarcity, profitability, and production investment while on the other hand it also has special features as increment as in an integrated system, the limitation of ownership identification, open integration, still but escaping, threshold, mutual promotion and restraint.The value of ecological capital can be classified according to different needs. In order to estimate easier, based on externality theory, it is classified into market value and non-market value and it mainly has3types of flow. First, it can provide public goods. Second, it can be used by the internal system of private products, and finally it can be private products flowing to the market. From the perspective of operation, as other kinds of capitals, its direction in which it develops is mainly determined by market-orientation. As a result, we can claim that the prerequisite of the operation of ecological is that ecological capital should have market value.Based on the analysis of the operation of ecological capital in eco-conserving divisions and the status quo of its quality, It is predicted that developing recreational agriculture is an effective way of operating ecological capital. The study takes Yufeng village in eco-conserving division in Liangjiang New District as an example, by conducting a questionnaire survey and based on the average spending of tourists, estimates that the market value of farmland-ecological capital of Yufeng village is RMB65.1686million, and with RMB169975.5per hectare. The non-market value is estimated to be144.86148million by adopting CVM and with RMB3778338per hectare. The number is many times bigger than the value that has currently appeared as RMB45000per hectare. So the ecological capital operation has great potential.By evaluating the actual situation of the eco-conserving division, the study plans to develop the area as an eco-protective screen of both main districts in Chongqing and Liangjiang New District, an agricultural demonstration base of eco-cycle, an eco-agricultural park in suburban Chongqing and Liangjiang New District, and entertainment resort for citizens that are good for their health. The study also adopts a point-line-area method of space planning and a method of analyzing in landscape ecology in order to construct a "Seven Gallery and Three Area" overall special structure of the division. |
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