The Study On Polyanilines/Inorganic Nanocomposites Prepared By Solid-state Synthesis And Their Properties

Compared to other conducting polymers, polyaniline（PANI） becomesconsiderably research focus, due to its low cost, facile synthesis, excellentconductivity, high air and thermal stability and several redox states. It has potentialapplications in chemical power sources, sensors, anti-corrosion, anti-static, stealthmaterials, electricalphotochromic and biochemistry. Inorganic nanoparticles arecompounded with polymer chain to obtain composites as electrode materials, a lowcycle life and poor mechanical properties of PANI resulting from the swelling andshrinkage during the charge-discharge processes can be improved by synergisticeffects between components. And the composites can broaden the application fields ofPANI. However, its poor solubility in most solvents limits its application, socopolymerization with other derivatives containing methyl or methoxy groupbecomes research focus. In this paper, at first, the structure of solid-state synthesizedPANI was investigated; thereafter, a series of composites of polyanilines andinorganic nanoparticals were prepared via solid-state synthesis method in presence ofGraphene, TiO₂, ZnO as an inorganic phase, respectively. FTIR, UV-Vis, XRD, EDX,TEM, CV, galvanostatic charge–discharge curves, EIS and photocatalysismeasurments were used to characterize the products, and the effects of componentcontent on the structural and behavioral of products were deeply discussed. The maincontents are summarized as follows:1．A series of PANI doped with p-TSA were synthesized by solid-statepolymerization, the results showed that different amounts of deionized water had agreat influence on the structure of PANI, such as the oxidation degree, conjugate level,crystallinity, yield as well as morphology. The half-oxidized emeraldine phase ofPANI occurred only in the case of0.5mL water when aniline was1mL, andconsequently the PANI displayed better electrochemical performances than others.2．Aseries of PANI/G composites were synthesized by solid-state synthesis, the results showed that the PANI/G composite has higher oxidation degree and dopinglevel with the higher content of GNP. And the SC also becomes higher with the highercontent of GNP, the SC of PANI/8%G composite is451Fg^-1, and will be promisingelectrode materials for high-performance electrical energy storage devices.3．PANI/TiO₂/G and PANI/G composites were synthesized by mechanochemicalroute for comparation to study the effect of Nano-TiO₂. The results showed that thePANI/TiO₂/G composite has higher oxidation degree and lower crystallinity thanPANI/G. Morphology studies showed that the bent and fat surface of GNP is fullydispersed by nano-TiO₂particles and PANI in the PANI/TiO₂/G. Therefore, thePANI/TiO₂/G displayed a higher electroactivity and better cycle stability behavior.After1000cycles, the capacitance decreases by73%of initial capacitance.4．PANI was prepared with the presence of modified ZnO（MZnO） or unmodifiedZnO（UZnO） by solid-state polymerization method at room temperature to find theeffect of ZnO on structure and electrochemical properties of PANI and investigate theinteraction between them. The results showed that PANI existed in all products,however, no matter MZnO or UZnO particles, they were not successfully incorporatedin the PANI matrix. The adding of ZnO made PANI display more reduction state, andthe content has also effects on the electrochemical performances.5． A series of Poly（aniline-co-o-methoxyaniline）/TiO₂composites weresynthesized by solid-state synthesis with different molar ratio of An and OMA toinvestigate the effect of molar ratio on the structure and photocatalysis properties ofcomposites. The results showed that the molar ratio has effect on relative content ofBenzene and Quinoid ring in polymer chain. With the addition of OMA monomer, thestability of polymer chain gets enhanced and does not dedope easily. The oxidationdegree and doping level of O1A1T composite is highest among the composites,furthermore, the photocatalysis degradation rate of MO was72.1%.