Synthesis And Characterization Of Fluorinated Polycarbonate Materials For Optical Waveguides

Organic materials have been widely used for optical waveguidesin high-speedoptical communication systems for almost the lasttwo decades because of their easyfabrication at lower cost andhigh integration for more multiple channels.Inaddition,opticallosses of films fabricated from organic materials are low enoughtotransmit optical signals error-free and thethermo-optic coefficientof the films is tentimes higher than that of silica, one ofwell known optical waveguide materials.Optical transmission systems will replace electrical transmissionsystems forinformation transmission over shortdistances (within severalcentimeters)among drive,memory anddisplay parts etc. in about five years because massinformationtransmission with a high speed is needed in informationandcommunication devices such as mobile phones, computers, anddigitalcameras.Since organic materialsare optically, chemically, and thermally as stable asinorganicmaterials and semiconductors when they are used for passivelyoperatedoptical devices, they are used commercially for passiveoptical devices such as powersplitters, variable optical attenuators,and AWG (arrayed waveguide grating)multiplexers.Polymeric materials are good candidates for photonic applications due to theirexcellent optical, thermal, and environmental properties and easy,cost-effective, and large scale device fabrication. However, the highovertone absorptions of the C-H,O-H, and N-H bonds of hydrocarbon polymers can cause drastic optical loss in theoptical communication wavelength regions around1.33and1.55/um. Using fluorineto replace hydrogen in polymers can theoretically reduce the intrinsic optical loss byabout5orders of magnitude. As a result, the development of fluorinated polymers forphotonic applications has been the focus of significant research activities in the pastdecade. Among them, fluorinated poly(aryleneether)s have demonstrated manyadvantages, including easy proccessability, high chemical and thermal stability, lowoptical loss and low birefringence. Among them, fluorinated poly(arylene ether)shavedemonstrated many advantages, including easy proccessability, high chemical andthermal stability, low optical loss and low birefringence.A novel polycarbonate (PC) was introduced to apply in the optical waveguidedevices. PC has following distinct merits than common polycarbonate: goodprocessability, high thermal stability up to293degrees C and highopticaltransparency. Optical properties of absorption behavior and propagation losswere investigated in slab waveguides, and low propagation losses have been achievedby using prism-coupler. It is limit use for its low fluorinated.In our paper, a fluorinated polycarbonate for optical waveguide was synthesizedwith triethylamine, triphosgene and bisphenol-AF by interfacial polymerization. Butits molecular weight was too large to make optical waveguide device. Then weresearched many papers to make a proper conditions, we used polycondensation insolution to make a kind of low molecular weightfluorinated polycarbonate, anddetermined our polymer byFT-IR, NMR spectrum, GPC, TGA, and so on.The epoxygroup was introduced in our system to provided blend and we also get the finaloutcome successfully. The index of the film made by bisphenol-AFpolycarbonate is1.5377.In the chapter3, to improve the performance of our bisphenol-AFpolycarbonate,we introduced1,1-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane into our polymer. The goal wasto synthesizedbisphenol-AFand bisphenol-Z type co-polycarbonate. The compound was also tested by generalinstrument, the epoxy group was introduced in our systemto provided blend as the chapter2as the same, and we also get the final outcomesuccessfully.The co-polycarbonate had excellenceperformance. The index of filmmade by co-polycarbonate was1.5090, and it is appropriate to make opticalwaveguide device.