Synthesis And Application Of Isocyanuric Acid Polyetherester Polyols

Polyurethane foam plastics were used in many areas of national economy withtheir favourable physical and chemical properties. But polyurethane foam plasticsburned easily. And they released poisonous smoke bringing hidden trouble to people’slives and property.Adding flame retardant to the polyurethane components couldinhibit burning at a certain degree. But it had bad effects on the foam plastics’ structureand size stability. Some flame retardants still released harmful material to theenvironment as time goes by. So the hidden troubles still existed. This subject adopted"in situ method" bringing flame retardant to the molecular structure of polyurethane toachieve the purpose of flame-retardant treatment.On the other hand, most ofpolyurethane foam plastics were made of polyether polyols or polyester polyols on themarket now. All of the foam plastics’ performances had both good ones and bad ones.This subject hoped to generate polyetherester polyols that have both ether bond andester bond to obtain the two ones’ good performances. The main content and theconclusions of this article are as follows:1. Polyether polyols was synthesized with tri(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate(THEIC)as initiator, propylene oxide as monomer, using DMC catalyst which was synthesizedby our lab. The effects of the reaction conditions such as pretreatment of monomer,reaction temperature, catalyst concentration，the molar ratio of monomer to initiator etal on the polymerization were investigated. The results indicated that thepolymerization with Theic and PO showed high production rate when the reactiontemperature was135℃, catalyst concentration was430ppm. The polymerization wasalmost completed.Polyether polyols with different Mn were carried out by adjusting the molar ratio of PO to Theic. The polymer’s Mn was increased and induction periodwas reduced with the increase of molar ratio.2. Polyetherester polyols were synthesized by copolymerization of Theic, PO andPhA catalyzed by DMC catalyst. The results showed that the induction period wasonly21minutes what was the shortest when the temperature was135℃.Polyetherester polyols with different Mn were carried out by adjusting the molar ratioof PO to PhA. The polymer’s Mn was increased and induction period was reduced withthe increase of molar ratio. It was found that the viscosity had a relationship with Mnand structure of the polymer.3. Rigid polyurethane foam was made by the component A of polyether polyolsand water and component B of PM-200by adjusting the recipe. The results showedthat the foaming speed was improved with the increase of the content of the water andthe temperature of the components within a certain range. The contents of Silicone oil193and potassium oleate also had effects on the structure of foam s pore size. Thedosage of PM-200affected the isocyanate index of the foams.4. Rigid polyurethane foams were made by the component A of polyetheresterpolyols and water and component B of PM-200by adjusting the recipe. Theexperimental results showed that the tensile strength of the foam was low beforeintroducing PhA.And it was improved obviously with the increase of the molar ratio ofPhA to PO. But the tensile strength was reduced when the molar ratio was too high.Both of the oxygen index and thermal decomposition temperature rose with the molarratio of PhA to PO. The tensile strength was enhanced when the isocyanate indexincreased from1.3to1.65. The tensile strength rose sharply as the extension of timeout of the mold and then rose slowly until it reached a balance value after72h. So thefoams should be tested after72h.5. Rigid polyurethane foams were made by the component A of GY-250andwater and component B of PM-200by adjusting the recipe. With the precondition ofthe same dosage of GY-250and polyetherester polyols, the OI test showed that the OIof the foams which were made of GY-250was lower than polyetherester polyols’ whatwas made by the lab.