Study Flame Resistance Of Fabric Finished With Phosphorus-containing Intumescent Flame Retardant

With the development of society and economy, more and more textile materials are used in living, but the fire caused by textile which led to serious losses in life and property of people is also increasing, so the requirements of flame resistance for interior decoration textile are stricter in recent years. Intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) are halogen-free, the surface of textiles treated with IFRs will generate carbon foam layers when burning, and the carbon foam layers have good flame resistance with insulation, anaerobic and smoke suppression. They also can prevent the fabric producing droplet in the combustion process; IFRs are complying with the demand of environmental protection. Now researches about IFRs used in textile materials have attracted more attention in China and abroad.In this paper, a phosphorus-containing IFR applied to cotton and polyester textiles (PET) was prepared by ammonium polyphosphate (APP), melamine (Mel), pentaerythritol (PER) and other compounds. The ratio of reagents and curing conditions were the main factors to influence the flame resistant performance of textiles, and the synergy of Al(OH)3and silane coupling agent for APP was also investigated. The results of LOI value and the vertical flammability test data showed that the cotton fabric treated with the optimized IFR had good flame resistance and laundering durability. The treated cotton fabric passed the vertical flammability test even after6washing cycles (equivalent to25home laundering cycles). The flame retardant properties of treated PET compared to cotton fabric were poor, but they were also improved, compared with the21.5of pure PET, the LOI value of treated PET was improved to27.5.TG-DTG analysis was used to study the decomposition process of fabrics treated with optimized flame retardant. The contribution of phosphorus to flame resistance and their morphological structures were studied by SEM and FTIR. The results of these analysis correlated well with the LOI value and the vertical flammability test results.