The Investigation And Analysis Of The Water Quality In The Enclosed Sea Area

The Fengxian Bihaijinsha and Jinshan City Beach are the two large enclosed seaarea in Shanghai. In early2006, for the further development of coastal resources andtourism functions, Gulf Tourism Zone of Fengxian District, Shoreline DevelopmentManagement Committee of Jinshan District, respectively, in the north of Hangzhou Bayin the Fengxian segment and Jinshan paragraph waters, through the circle sea dikeestablished total area of about2km2enclosed sea area. The Fengxian Bihaijinsha wasestablished in2005with the sea dam, a total length of3834m, average600m from theshoreline, circle the sea a total area of2.30km2; Jinshan City Beach was established in2006, length of the coastline is3.16km, total length of the sea dam is3625m, anaverage of500m from the shoreline, circle the sea a total area of1.72km2and theaverage depth of the water is5m. The "Bihaijinsha" and “urban beach” is the mostimportance in the coastline development and construction, and the coastal landscapesof the city of Shanghai style in the Yangtze River Delta. As two artificial beaches andbathing beach in Shanghai, the Fengxian Bihaijinsha and Jinshan City Beach played aninvaluable role in shaping the urban landscape ecology, and their water quality closelyrelated to the health of tourists.This study is carried out between January2010to December2010, a series ofwater quality investigation and survey of the number of bacteria is proceed in FengxianBihaijinsha and Jinshan City Beach, and in April2010to September2010, investigatedthe Fengxian Bihaijinshaˊs phytoplankton, analyzed nutrients such as nitrogen,phosphorus, silicon, particle size classification of chlorophyll-a situation, bacteria,eutrophication and organic pollution levels, and further multivariate analysis all levels of chlorophyll a, phytoplankton diversity, the number of bacteria and water qualityfactors,, in order to provide the basic data in accordance with environmental protectionand management for the the Fengxian Bihaijinsha and the Jinshan Jinshan City Beach.The main research methods and results are as follows:1.Set in the Fengxian Bihaijinsha enclosed sea area6sampling points, one off thecoast of the six sampling points, and set6in the Jinshan City Beach enclosed sea area,survey this12fixed station from January to December2010, and monitored15waterquality indicators, including water temperature (T,℃), pH value, dissolved oxygen (DOin mg/L), salinity, turbidity, conductivity, permanganate index (CODMn in, in mg/L),nitrite (N02-Nin mg/L), nitrate nitrogen (N03-N, mg/L), ammonia (NH3-N in mg/L),reactive phosphorus (P04-P, in mg/L), reactive silicate (SiO3-Siμmol/L), and20μm ofchlorophyll a (Chla mg/m3,),2μm chlorophyll a (Chla mg/m3,),0.22μm chlorophyll a(Chla mg/m3). With the eutrophication index and organic pollution index to evaluatenutritional level, with the application of SPSS11.5software to multivariate analysis alllevels of chlorophyll a content,the number of bacteria and water quality parameters,and also with the application of SPSS11.5software to multivariate analysis the diversityindex of phytoplankton and water quality parameters, with the Excel2007software andSigmaplot software to mapping.2.The physical indicators of the Fengxian Bihaijinsha water quality is in choruswith the Hangzhou Bay water, the DIN/DIP of the water ranges16.5-52.3, DIN/Siranges0.12-0.68, Si/P ranges0.06-0.25. The major pollutants in Water is still the totaldissolved inorganic nitrogen, followed by potassium permanganate index. Theproportion of Ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen in inorganic nitrogenis42%,54%,4%, nitrate nitrogen is in the highest proportion, followed by ammonia,and an average of58percent of the waters performance th eutrophicationcharacteristics.3. In the Fengxian Bihaijinsha sea area, the largest number of phytoplankton is themicro-phytoplankton, the number of pico-phytoplankton and net phytoplanktonperformance different in various stations. The number of micro-phytoplankton andpico-phytoplankton in water in April is effected by permanganate index, nitrate, nitrite,total dissolved inorganic nitrogen content, June by the water temperature. All levels ofchlorophyll a content have a significant positive correlation with the permanganateindex and the pH, a highly significant negative correlation with nitrite, no correlation with the solubility of oxygen content and the content of reactive silicate.4. The number of E. coli in Fengxian Bihaijinsha from March to November ishigher than other months, in line with the temperature variation, and not appearsignificant increase in the passenger flow peak season from May to September. Most ofthe time points, the Fengxian bathing beach is in the middle pollution levels, the highestnumber of heterotrophic bacteria is in July. Through the identification, thephytoplankton in Fengxian Bihaijinsha acquisition in April to Sep2010were found ninedoors and44genus, with Chlorophyta,8genera, accounting for18.3%of the totalnumber of phytoplankton species; Bacillariophyta,21genera, accounting for47.7%:Cyanophyta (Cyanophyta),6genera, accounting for13.6%; Euglenophyta(euglenophyta), Xanthophyta, Brrophyta are respectively two genera,4.5%each;Chrysophyta (Chrysophyta), Cryptophyta (Cryptophyta), Phaeophyta (Phaeophyta) aretwo respectively genera, each2.3%. The dominant species of Fengxian Bihaijinshawater bodies from April to Sep are Bacillariophyta (BACILLARIOPHYTA), it changeswith the seasons, and constituted by different algae in the different sampling months.The Fengxian Bihaijinsha phytoplankton diversity index (H ’) has nothing to do withthe E. coli number, temperature, pH, salinity, conductivity, permanganate index, nitrate,inorganic phosphorus, total dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and negatively correlated withreactive silicate, inorganic nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus ratio in each month.5. The DIN/DIP in Jinshan city beach ranges1.5-72.3, DIN/Si ranges0.11-0.95,Si/P ranges0.01-0.3. The proportion of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitritenitrogen in inorganic nitrogen is46%,51%,3%, nitrate nitrogen is in the highestproportion, followed by ammonia nitrogen. The eutrophication and organic pollutionsituation is not serious in the Jinshan City Beach.6. The number of micro-phytoplankton was higher than the number of networkmining and pico-phytoplankton in the corresponding month. The number ofmicro-plankton and net phytoplankton in June are influenced by pH, salinity,conductivity. All levels of chlorophyll a contents are positively correlated with pH,salinity and conductivity, negative correlated with nitrate, nitrite, has nothing to do withdissolved oxygen, reactive silicate content and inorganic phosphorus content.7. The72datas monitored in12months in Jinshan City Beach, the number of E.coli in82%water is less than10000/L, even in the passenger peak season from May toSeptember, it does not appears significantly increase of coliform number. The number of E. coli and heterotrophic bacteria is negatively correlated with water temperature,positively correlated with reactive silicate and inorganic phosphorus content.8.The physica indicators of the Fengxian Bihaijinsha (water temperature, dissolvedoxygen) have no significant difference(P>0.05) with the Jinshan City Beach, chemicalindicators of water quality of the Fengxian Bihaijinsha (reactive silicate, CODMn, DIN,DIP)are higher than the Jinshan City Beach (P <0.05). The eutrophication of theFengxian Bihaijinsha is more serious, Jinshan City Beach to a lesser extent, but inspring and summer season it is relatively serious.