The Research Of Oil Spill Forecast And Warning And Emergency Decision-making For The Pearl River Estuary

In recent years, with the frequent emergence of worldwide offshore oil spills,such as the BP oil spill on the Gulf of Mexico and the ConocoPhillips oil spill on theBohai Bay that are the most typical, marine oil spill pollution has become a majorcause of environmental pollution and ecological damage in China’s coastal waters. Inparticular, the ConocoPhillips large-scale oil spill on the Bohai Bay not only knockedthe alarm to our country, but also highly reflected that our country’s oil spill responsecapability is lower, technology is backward and the overall level is not high, causingthe national leadership and government departments attach great importance, andassigned some important works and projects.For the current technical problems and urgently needs in the construction ofChina’s oil spill emergency response infrastructure and conditions, this paper chosethe Pearl River Estuary to study, focusing on the Pearl River Estuary oil spill drift fastforecasting technology, clean-up program to optimize generation technology, oil spillremoval programs and clean-up effects simulation technology, based on artificialintelligence, expert systems and GIS oil spill management platform integrationtechnology, we would establish the Oil Spill emergency Management platform anddecision support systems for the Pearl River Estuary, based on oil spill model,clean-up effects model, expert systems and GIS technology, to achieve quick forecastsof the oil spill trajectory and destination, and quickly formed to optimize the clean-upprogram through collecting a variety of resources, the system can provide customerservice on the internet or private network. The main results of this paper are asfollows:(1) through laboratory simulation and sea drifters verification, correcting the oilspill numerical model and the oil spill weathering model parameters, coupled to amore suitable model of the Chinese environment;(2) through the collection of the marine function zoning for all coastal cities of the Pearl River Estuary, and built a distribution map of the electronic sensitive areasthroughout the Pearl River Estuary;(3) establishing oil spill clean-up program decision-making model fordecision-makers to optimize the deployment of oil spill emergency response such aspersonnel, equipment, ships;(4) the system has achieved regular operation through the internet, computingrapidly and accurately, and can provide timely and ancillary support such as oil spillemergency response, risk assessment and emergency decision-making etc. for thePearl River EstuaryThe implementation of this project will significantly enhance oil spill emergencyresponse and fast processing capabilities of the Pearl River Estuary, andcomprehensively improve the overall technical level of maritime risk prevention andsecurity, safeguard China’s marine oil spill response capacity-building goals, makedoil exploitation and transportation safe, and fulfill the relevant internationalconventions and to ensure that the national marine economy sustainable developmentthat has a very important and long-term significance.