Study On The Process And Equipment Of Biodiesl Catalyzed By Solid Acid

Oil resources in the worldwide supply tightly, the price have risen, while the environmental problem is increasingly serious due to harmful substances produced by burning fossil fuels. Many countries are actively developing environment-friendly renewable energy, the physicochemical properties of biodiesel and fossil diesel are similar to each other, so biodiesel is subjected to widespread concern. Biodiesel is the mixture of fatty acid lower alcohols esters produced by transesterification of the animal or vegetable oils with lower alcohols, and biodiesl have the excellent perfomance compared with fossil diesel. Relative to the deficiencies of China’s oil resources, the development and research of biodiesel has an important role in the reality of China’s energy supply and the natural environment.This paper collate and analyze the solid acid catalyst in the literature, filter out the high catalytic activity and the strong feedstock adaptability of solid acid catalysts. The four phase equilibrium relationships of oil, biodiesel, methanol and glycerol are studied in the biodiesel reaction and separation process, and that provides support for the process design. After compared the advantages and disadvantages of traditional process and solid acid process, the basic unit of solid acid process was ascertained, the solid acid-catalyzed transesterification process is designed in detail.Taking into account the complexity of the structure and composition of oil, in order to simplify the Aspen Plus simulation, the characterization method of oil with a variety of single fatty acid chain triglycerides mixture is established. The high precision estimation method of critical parameters and changes with the temperature parameter of single fatty acid chain triglycerides is selected. According to the design process, the simulation model of biodiesel production process is built by Aspen Plus, select the appropriate thermodynamic calculation model basied on the component and state of simulation model. Analysis of the Aspen Plus process simulation calculation results, the product satisfy the standard of biodiesel. At the same time, the main operating parameters of the process unit are got and provide the basis for biodiesel equipment design.The composition and operating parameters of each solid acid process unit are determined by the Aspen Plus process simulation calculation results. And based on the results, fixed bed reactor, flash tank, heat exchanger, liquid-iquid separator and other equipment are simply design, that provide reference for the Commercialization and large-scale equipment design.