Detemination Of Organic Chloride Pollutants In Complex Composting Environment By Immunosensor Technique

The immunosensor utilizes the high specificity between the antibody and antigen, transfers a series of response such as physical, chemical, optics and electric into detectable signals by transducer to detect analyte. With the advantage of simple equipment, easy operation, high sensitivity and possibility of miniaturization, immunosensor has been widely used in chemistry, biology, clinical science, environment science, agriculture science, etc.Because of their special mechanical, optical, thermal and electromagnetic properties, nanomaterials are widely used in many fields. Nanomaterials are introduced into immunosensor technique. As the materials for sensor construction, extensive compatibility, high sensitivity, high load resistance, stable and reliable properties are necessary. Nanomaterials have above-mentioned properties. Gold nanomaterial, which is simple to synthesis, easy to combine with biomolecules, and can maintain biological activity, is used extensively in sensor construction. Gold nanomaterials can also provide a large number of binding sites, improve the electron transfer rate. Compare to the traditional immunosensor, the immunosensor applying gold nanomaterial is simple, easy to operate, sensitive, reliable and response fast, and can operate quantitative detection and analysis.The studies are involved in three aspects as follows:First, an immunosensor was developed for the picloram detection. The3D gold nanomaterials were deposited on the glassy carbon electrode by one-step methode using polycarbonate membrane as the template. And then, some improvements on the basis of one-step methode to prepare3D gold structure were made by two-step methode. We used the3D structure to prepare competive immunosensor. The amperometric current linearly related to the common logarithm of the target picloram in the range from0.001to10μg/mL and the detection limit of biosensor was1.0×10-5μg/mL. It is offered a tech support for rapid and low cost online detection of picloram.Second, a derivative of pyrrole, pyrrole acid was synthsized. The poly pyrrole with carboxyl on it can be combined to biological molecules, and can maintain the activity of biological molecules. Pyrrole acid, pyrrole, and gold nanoparticles was aggregated into a film on the electrode surface to prepare immunosensor. The immunosensor which has good conductivity, low background current, high sensitivity can be further used in environmental trace detection of harmful substances.Third, the quinclorac-BSA antigen was prepared for the preparation of antiserum, and further for the preparing the immunosensor to detect quinclorac.