Low Cost CNC Engraving Machine Control System Research And Development

In recent years, numerical control products with high precision, high safety and efficiency features have been more and more widely used in every field of industries. As a typical product, CNC Engraving machine has broad market prospects in the media manufacturing, mold design, sculpture and other industrial areas. CNC engraving machine is commonly consisted of industrial machines and motion control system components. Engraving machine motion control system is the core of CNC engraving machine, the function of its strength and performance will directly relate to the product quality and processing efficiency.Nowadays, the CNC engraving machine control systems are mainly designed in IPC structure or motion control card structure, the main shortcomings of these architectures are the high cost, large size, low reliability and low flexibility. With the rapid development of microelectronics technology and the application of low-cost CNC engraving machine, CNC engraving in the industry recently has become a new research hotspot.In this thesis, the development of CNC engraving machines in international situation and the corresponding control technology are analyzed and summarized first. Then CNC engraving machine and the control algorithm have been improved and optimized with a combination of software programming to be suitable for low-cost hardware implementation of the digital integration method, linear interpolation algorithm. And there are also some innovation of low cost hardware control design for the acceleration and deceleration. In hardware design, we use a structure of Single Chip Microcosm and PC. MCU and PC act as dual-processor, where PC runs with Windows XP operating system, application interface and a large number of data processing algorithms and Microcontroller runs as the main control pulse. PC communicates with the MCU, using the serial port scheme. This work designs the controller hardware of each functional module and circuit board and also provides the interpolation algorithms and acceleration and deceleration control algorithms which satisfy the hardware innovation.In this thesis, the design of CNC engraving machine controller is not only simple in software and hardware architecture, but also has the advantages of low cost and small size. It can easily be sealed as a package, so as to enhance the reliability and flexibility, which makes the product easy to be maintained and upgraded. Through debugging of the prototype, the system functionality and performance can achieve the desired requirements.