The Study Of Treatment Process Of Copper Matte Smelting Dust

The dust in copper matte smelting process, not only contains valuable metals such as Cu, Pb,Zn, Sb, Bi, Cd, Sn, In, but also contains harmful element As, is the major waste of copper smeltindustry. Resources waste and environment pollution will be caused if the dust is not handled intime.Consumptions of refined copper increas every year with the rapid development of economyin our country. Therefore, collecting valuable metals from the copper matte smelting dust andmaking resource recycling are meaningful to the development of economy in our country in thecondition of lack of copper mineral resources.A study that analyzes the valuable metals’ occurrence mode and their leaching, separatingand recovering from copper matte smelting dust of a copper smelter in our country is put forwardin this paper.there are3.6%Cu,17.4%Pb,12.6%Zn,9.6%As in the dust as raw material. On thebasis of the content of elements in dust and the technological parameter of copper matte smeltingindustry, the occurrence mode in dust of Cu, Pb, Zn, As is obtained by using Thermo-Calcphase-equilibrium thermodynamics calculation software. A process route of leaching dust bydilute sulfuric acid, replacementing Cu by Fe, extracting Zn by P204, leaching As by NaOH andNa2S·9H2O and returning Pb to blast furnace is established basing on the result.The achievements are:（1）The optimum process is found by comparing heating waterimmersion and heating acid leaching and the leaching rate of Cu is up to98%, the leaching rateof Zn is up to94%;（2） Sponge copper is obtained by adding iron to leaching solution andthrough adding NaOH to the extraction raffinate to regulate its pH, using P204as extractant andsulfuric acid as stripping agent, the extraction rate of Cu is up to99%and the stripping rate ofCu is up to98%at optimum conditions. Zinc sulfate product is obtained by heating strip liquor;（3）Through adding NaOH and Na₂S·9H₂O to the extraction raffinate and the leaching residue toLeach Arsenic, the leaching rate of As is up to88%at optimum conditions. Furthermore, sodiumarsenate product is obtained by adding H₂O₂to leaching solution.The mentioned studies provide certain theretical foundations for the industrialization oftreating copper matte smelting dust. Meanwhile, considering limited resources in the world andserous contamination to the environment caused by the dust, it is significant to process it.