Preparation And Properties Of Acetal Cation Surfactants

Surfactants are a kind of numerous in variety, strong functional fine chemical products and widely applied in foodstuff, washing, cosmetic, nedicine, textile, agriculture and other fields. The amount of demanding for surfactants is no less than15million tons every year in the world. Although surfactants can bring human beings much convenience, the residue of surfactants which are difficult to degrade causes pollution to the natural environment. Therefore, the research on cleavable surfactants which are environmentally-friendly and green initiative is one of the hot spots in the fields nowadays.In this paper, a series of cleavable acetal cation surfactants containing nitrogen heterocycle were synthesized, and the surface performance of products2(a-c) were tested.1.(1)1(a-c) were respectively synthesized under the catalysis of boron fluoride etherate using aliphatic aldehyde and epibromohydrin as raw materials;2(a-c) were synthesized using pyridine and1(a-c) as raw materials respectively.(2)3(a-c) were synthesized using benzotriazole and1(a-c) as raw materials respectively; and then the cation surfactants containing benzotriazole3(d-f) were synthesized using dimethyl sulfate and3(a-c) as raw materials respectively.(3) After the optimization of material ratio, different solvents, temperature environment, reaction time, amount of catalyst, the best optimum preparation conditions of (1a),(2a) and (3a) were confirmed.2. The surface performance of products2(a-c), CMC, Krafft temperature, foaming stability and emulsibility were tested. The results indicated:CMC is decreasing with the lengthening of hydrophobic chain, the CMC of2c (0.0025mol/L) is smaller than a traditional surfactant C12H25N(CH3)3Br (0.015mol/L), and the surface activity is much stronger. The products2(a-c) can be easily dissolved in water at room temperature, and they also have excellent emulsibility and foaming stability.