| Originally, tailings reservoirs were environmental protection facilities that were used to accommodate the tailings and waste, but with the tailings accumulated year after year, the reservoirs also have become potential high-energy sources. Because environmental problems are delayed and the consequences are not significant, awareness and judgments of the community are limitations for tailings environmental issues. Particularly, the earlier tailings have been abandoned currently, but the result of long-term environmental impact is increasingly prominent.From the heavy metal pollution of ore tailings, in order to explore the pollution rules of tailings dam using the numerical simulation, a large amount of literature about tailings contamination and multiphase flow simulation has been consulted seriously in this paper. The heavy metal pollution has been evaluated, and the solid and liquid flow in the tailing dam has been simulated. The following conclusion has been got.(1)The geographical distribution of current tailings has been made statistical analysis such as the district, grade distribution and other aspects of reactor number of dams. It is found that south less than the north, west less than east of the country are considered as the characteristics of the tailings distribution, the scales of tailings reservoirs are mostly small or medium sized tailings, and the upstream tailings dams account for the largest proportion.(2) the modem numerical simulation method of metallic ore tailings pollution is established and the evaluated and experimental results could be further analyzed by the method, so the visualization oftailings pollution is realized, adapting to the trend of the development of modern numerical simulation. At the same time, the tailings pollution analysis and evaluation methods are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of method are compared with to make choice of methods.(3) the Pd Zn Cu Cr and Cd of the three provinces’metallic ore tailings are evaluated by single factor index and geo-accumulation index, and the rank of different tailings pollution and each major polluted heavy metals of tailings are concluded. All the mine area are polluted by Cd seriously, and the results of single factor index and geo-accumulation index are roughly consistent, but the geo-accumulation index are more meticulous and more comprehensive factors. At the same time, tailings dam is proved as the serious polluted area of the tailings even the entire mining area.(4)With tailings dam as simulating object, the simulation model of tailings dam is established and the mixture model of the fluent software is used. The flow pressure, velocity, volume fraction distributions and the associated curves are obtained by simulating different forms of tailings dam building and pollution affective factors to draw the trend factors affecting pollution.at last under the same condition, the tailing dam pollution level:up-stream type tailing dam>midline type tailings dam> downstream type tailings dam(5) Finally, the prospect about the further study of the solid-liquid flow problems is suggested by simplifying the model, setting the initial conditions and model selection in terms of the tailings dam. It is hoped that the influence of the solid-liquid flow pollution through tailings dam will be show up more directly, to play for pollution prevention and control guidance. |
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