The Oil Spill Risk Evaluation Of Coastal Oil Storage And Transportation

With the sustained and rapid development of our society economic, the growing demands for petroleum and its products. In order to meet the social demand for energy and ensure the stability of the oil supply, now there are many large-scale oil depots in our country, which has been constructed or will be constructed, especially the national strategic oil reserve base, most of these are in the coastal areas because maritime transport can provide lots of conveniences to the flow of oil. Due to the petroleum and its products with inflammable, explosive, corrosion, toxic effects and other characteristics, there are potential risks in their storage and transportation process. However, for the large-scale oil depot, crude oil terminal or the tank fleet, if there has an accident suddenly, the consequences will be serious which far beyond our imagination. What’s more, the possibility of the Marine environmental pollution risk is bigger and bigger because of this problem, so it causes that our need to shoulder the heavier pressure of protecting the marine environment. Therefore, the oil spill risk evaluation of coastal oil storage and transportation is particularly important to us.This paper uses the theory and method of risk assessment, according to the analysis of coastal oil storage and transportation’s the sudden leakage accident type and risk characteristics, so we can obtain the tree forms of oil spills in the coastal oil storage and transportation process. The first form is coastal tank farm oil spilling accidents, the second is terminal handling and pipeline oil spilling accidents and the third is the ship accidents of oil spilling. According to the characteristics of various oil spill incidents, we can analyze the causes and the key determining factor of leakage accident, and identify the risk of storage and transportation comprehensively; finally we can construct the risk evaluation system. Comparing the relative weight of all factors in the Indexes System by the experts’scores, the reference of making sudden accident prevention measures is provided, and the comprehensive evaluation model of oil spill risk gray system is established. For example, the coastal oil reserve base of the northeast to calculate the oil spill risk of coastal oil storage and transportation by the scores of each factor in the oil spill risk index system which from experts. And then they put forward the coastal oil storage and transportation in the oil spill risk analysis and risk management advice based on the evaluation results.