Isolation Of Anaerobe From Several Polluted Environment And Polyphasic Taxonomy Of Two Novel Species

Anaerobic microorganism is any microorganism that does not require oxygen for growth. Studies have shown that they extensively distribute to diverse environments, such as water sediments, digested sludge reactor, animal gut and some polluted environment by organics.Aiming at the species resource of anaerobic microorganism, we made a study for the polyphasic characteristic of the anaerobic bacterial isolated from the samples as follows: oil-polluted soil of Karamay in Xinjiang, mustard wastewater, waste-leachate, chemical-wastewater, wastewater of paper mill and oil-producing well. Subsequently, we made a preliminary inquiry for the bioremediation to their environment of some isolation.The important results are as follows:（1） Twelve anaerobic bacterial were isolated by Hungate roll-tube technique, including nine obligate anaerobes, two facultative anaerobes and one aerotolerant anaerobes. They belong to several genera of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, of which five strains whose highest similarity was less 95%were obtained. Two strains of the isolates were supposed to be novel genus or novel order according to the phylogenetic analysis based on low 16S rRNA gene sequences similarity_{less 90%}. In addition, isolation of aerobe was also carried out for some environmental samples, and nine isolates were obtained.（2） Based on the polyphasic analysis, the strains B1T and NS31-3T, which were isolated from Karamay oil-field of Xinjiang and a paper mill, were described as Tepidibacter mesophilus sp. nov. （Type strain B1T= CGMCC 1.5148T= JCM 16806T） and Parabacteroides chartae sp. nov. （Type strain NS31-3T= JCM 17797T= DSM 24967T）, respectively.（3） The effect to environmental remediation for the identified strain B1T was investigated, and the results indicated that potentiality of producing biosurfactants was existed for the strain B1T. This result revealed that it was possible that hydrocarbons could be degraded by the isolate B1T, which would have some significance for the remediation to the oil-polluted soil.These results have enriched the anaerobic microorganism resource, and have laid the foundation for further study of microorganism function, the gene resources and the bioremediation to the oil-polluted environment.