Study On The Preparation Of Porous Silicon And The Explosive Performance Of Its Energy Material

This paper study work carried out on the preparation method and explosiveperformance. Then the porous silicon/NaClO₄composite material was synthesized usingsodium perchlorate as the oxidant. The influencing factors on the explosive performance ofthe composite energetic material were investigated. Main conclusions are as follows:（1）P-type silicon wafer with electrical resistivity of 0.02-0.03Ω·cm^-1was take to prepareporous silicon by constant current electrochemical anodic oxidation. The effects of currentdensities and oxidation time of illumination on the porous silicon porosity were studied.（2）The structure, physical and chemical properties of porous silicon were characterized bySEM and FT-IR. Results showed that there were lots of Si-Hx bonds on the porous siliconsurface.（3） The etching systems was chosen by the orthogonal experiment optimization and a poroussilicon powder preparation using HF:HNO₃:H₂O=3:1:15 with the NaNO2, the reaction time is120min, stirring speed is 180r/min and the NaClO₄:Psi=1:1.（4）Making the composite material was synthesized using sodium perchlorate as the oxidantand the voltage sensitivity was tested. The result show that used Ni-Cr bridge wire to ignitethe sample, when the capacitance is 33μF, the firing voltage of porous silicon sodiumperchlorate was 25V.（5）Accordin to the standard of GJB772A-97, the friction sensitivity was tested and theexplosion probability reached 84%.（6）Combined with specific surface area and SEM of the porous silicon powder prepared bychemical etching method , a porous silicon powder with the reaction time is 80min has thebiggest specific surface area ,but the number of diameter less than 3nm is bigger than apowder of 120min making the activity reduced. （7）FT-IR tests showed than there are Si-Hx and Si-O-Si bonds exist on the fresh poroussilicon powder surface.（8）Using the packing density calculate the porosity of porous silicon powder, the porosity are52.0%,57.8% and 64.4%.（9） Accordin to the standard of GJB772A-97, the explosion probability of samples weretested.