Characterization Of One-Dimensional Functional Metal Oxide Nanomaterials

Owing to the unique dimensional-structure and chemical/physical properties,one-dimensional （1D） nanomaterials have exhibited potential applications in the fieldof catalysis, batteries, photoelectricity, sensing and magnetics. And investigating theproperties and applications should carry out on the basis of material preparation.Therefore, to precisely control of their dimensionalities, morphologies and sizes mayserve as an important role for understanding the relationship between structures andcorresponding properties then tailoring the properties in a controllable form. In thisdissertation, exploratory research have conducted on the new solution-based syntheticstrategies of1D metal oxides nanomaterials and new types of organization patternsfor composite nanomaterials as well as their fabrication mechanism.An indirect transformation approach has been developed to obtain1D Co₃O₄nanomaterials from pre-synthesized basic cobalt carbonate. Upon the anisotropicstructure of it, a control method based on dynamics assisted with a two-phase systemwas designed to synthesize nanowires of basic cobalt carbonate. The coordination ofCo²⁺and oleyl amine leaded a stable cobalt source; The interface because of theinsolubility of Co²⁺-oleyl amine in water was favorable for oriented growth ofnanocrystals; The selective absorption of oleyl amine molecule on different faces ofcrystal inhibited the growth of nanocrystals except along axial direction and avoidoriented attachment between nanowires. In addition, a solvothermal route was used toget nanowhiskers of basic cobalt carbonate, which was to demonstrate the nucleusgrowth mechanism of nanocrystals without introduction of any surfactant.Taking the as-prepared nanowires of basic cobalt carbonate as building blocks, astrategy based heterepitaxial growth and diffusion was developed for synthesizingSnO₂/Co（OH）_x+2ε（CO₃）_y-εcomposite nanotubes, with tunable atomic Sn/Co ratio andwall thickness. The formation mechanism was also detailed investigated. Comparingto the traditional core/shell heterepitaxial growth or homo-doping, this organizationpattern made a uniform distribution of different components in a whole tube, and they could exist in a relatively high content within a limited extent. Besides, promotingthis mechanism could also be used to fabricate TiO₂/Co（OH）_x+2ε（CO₃）_y-ε.Because the crystal characteristics of asymmetric oriented growth, it could bepredicted that ZnO tend to follow a1D growth mode. Based on systematic theoreticalanalysis, a series tactics were devised to simplify experimental procedures, a systemcomposed of PVP/H₂O was used to research the controllable synthesis of ZnOnanostructures and their growth mechanism. The two-phase means developed abovewas also make used to synthesize high length-diameter ratio and quasi-monodispersedZnO nanowires.