The Study On Application Of Aero LiDAR Technology To Interprete Faults Structure

The airborne LiDAR technology adopts a new type of aerial earth observationmethod which can be used to provide high-precision measuring data of the groundsurface. Fault activity is one of the main forms of crustal movement, and quantitativedescription is the key to the research of crustal movement. In the thesis, airborneLiDAR point-cloud datas are used to analyze the characteristics of fault structures. Thethesis extracts fault structure based on linear extension of the fracture, mutations andslope elevation abnormal characteristics from the point-cloud datas automatically.Combined with high-resolution images and geological knowledge, the correctness of theextracted fault lines are checked. Meanwhile, the thesis has done some research ofpoint-cloud data filtering and calibration techniques. Four conclusions are drawn below:1. From the anlysis of datas in the past, the South Yunnan and Sichuan block is anideal study area of fault structure due to several reasons, such as: movement is relativelystrong in the crust, geological disasters take place frequently in the region, the directionof fracture movement is different, and there must be many fracture stuctures in theregion.2. The thesis accurately filters out buildings, vegetation and other non-surfaceinformation according to the topographic features of the experimental area. It adopts anideal triangulated irregular network filtering method and Burman model calibrationmethod. The data acquired from this procedure has a resolution of0.4meter which canfully meet the needs of fracture line extraction and interpretation of the indicator.3. Automatic fault structure extraction accuracy rate is66.7%. The method is:analyzing and summarizing the point cloud characteristics of fault structure, the mainuse of fracture linear extension, abnormal height and slope unusual features; selectingan appropriate algorithm for the automatic extraction of fault structure. Checked bycorresponding orthophoto and geological knowledge,8out of12extracted suspectedfracture line are the actual fault structures.4. The airborne LiDAR technology is an efficient method for the study of faultstructure detection with it’s high resolution and accuracy. The thesis detects the fracturelines which are covered by vegetation successfully, and the detection depth is5meters.