Response Of Taishan Landscape On The Altitude And Time

Due to rapid development of modern industry and large increase in the use of fossil fuels, human civilization has been greatly promoted, human material life is enriched, and greenhouse gas is emitted into the atmosphere, resulting in the global greenhouse effect. Greenhouse effect is reflected in many aspects, while the most obvious aspect is its impact on the global climate, resulting in the global warming and precipitation changes. Temperature and precipitation are the two most important factors affecting the plant growth, and global climate change will also bring changes to the vegetation distribution.At present, research on the vegetation distribution mainly focuses on the distribution in the horizontal direction and vertical direction in high altitude mountains area, there is little research on vegetation distribution in the vertical direction, and there is even less research on vertical distribution of vegetation’s response to changes over time in the hilly area in middle latitude. This is not only a blank in studying the global impact of climate change on the ecological environment, but also unfavorable for the protection of natural landscape resources and sustainable development.This paper uses the RS Tool ERDAS and GIS tool ArcGlS to process the satellite images (TM image, ETM image) for Taishan area in the1980s,1990s,2000s and2010s, divides Taishan vegetation into Platycladus ori entail is, locust forest, pine forest and oak woods, analyzes the images processed by ERDAS and ArcGlS landscape pattern analysis software, and obtains the landscape index. By analyzing the results, several main landscape types of Taishan are significantly different at different altitudes. Platycladus orientailis’s PLAND value and LPI value have significant increase as the altitude decrease; pine forest’s PLAND value and LPI value have significant increase as the altitude increase; locust forest and oak wood’s PLAND value and LPI value show the trend from first increase and then decrease. At the landscape level, CONTAG at low altitudes is greater, reduces to the minimum at the medium altitude, and rises at high altitudes. SHDI show the trend from first increase and then decrease, and the maximum is at720meters to990meters.This paper compares Taishan area’s relevant satellite image data from1980s with the2010s, explores the response time of Taishan landscape and main arbor distribution. According to the results, the number and distribution pattern of Platycladus orientailis, locust forest, pine forest and oak woods have varying degrees of change The number of Platycladus orientailis increases at each altitude, becomes more obvious at higher altitude; locust forest does not change significantly at the high altitude area, but there are significant increases at the medium and low altitudes, this phenomenon becomes most obvious at an altitude of450m to720m, there is the least significant change in pine forest, significant difference is hard to sec from the overall trend and longitudinal comparisons at various altitudes, distribution of oak at low altitudes decreases, but increase at the distribution of high altitude, and the overall distribution focus shows an upward movementTemperature and precipitation are essential for plant growth. Based on the obtained data, average temperature of Taishan area shows an increasing trend since the1960s, while the average annual rainfall is showing a decreasing trend. Temperature rise is favorable to the growth of broad-leaved forest, whereas unfavorable to the growth of coniferous forest, as a result, various arbor’s distribution shows an upward movement, while the reduced precipitation gets the opposite result. Based on the two trends, the coniferous trees or broadleaf forests in Taishan area all show an upward movement in distribution center, proving that temperature rise in Taishan area has greater impact on vegetation distribution than the decreased precipitation.