Relativistic Theoretics Study On The Electron Impact Excitations Of H-Like And Mg-Like Atoms

In recently years, with the rapid development of experimental technology, the study ofdynamic properties of the magnetic quantum number levels which corresponding to theelectronic and atom （ions） impact processes has become become an active and interestedtopic in recent years. For instance, integral cross section of the magnetic quantum level,differential scattering cross section, polarization of the photos emitted by the excitedatoms, and the Alignment and Orientation of the electron cloud in excited atoms.In this thesis, based on the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock （MCDF） method andcorresponding package GRASP92and RATIP program code, which was developed toinvestigate the electron-atom impact excitation, and fully RDW method and REIE06program code, we discussed the electron correlation effect on the energy levels andelectron-atom impact excitation processes in neutral Mg, Mg-like Ar6+ion and Breitinteraction on thethe polarization of highly charged H-like ions..In Chapter1we introduced excitation processes of the electron-atom （ions） impact andbriefly given the physics graph of the electron-atom （ions） impact excitation.In Chapter2we introduced the theoretical methods that we used in the paper.In Chapter3the calculations of electron impact excitation cross section ofhydrogen-like ions Ar¹⁷⁺, Ti²¹⁺, Fe²⁵⁺, Sn⁴⁹⁺, Au⁷⁸⁺and U⁹¹⁺from the ground state to theindividual magnetic sublevels of2P3/2have been investigated. We have studied the effectsof the Breit interaction on the electron-impact excitation total cross sections, the magneticsublevels cross sections and the degree of linear polarization from the1s12â†'2p32transition of highly charged hydrogen-like ions. We find that the contribution from Breitinteraction to total cross sections is small. However, its contribution to the polarization ismore and more evident as the incident electron energy or the atomic number increases. Tothe magnetic sublevels cross section, it makes the cross sections of m=1.5increase, butthe cross sections of m=0.5decrease.In Chapter4we investigated the electron impact excitation differential cross sectionand Stokes parameters of Mg3s²¹S0to3s3p¹P₁,3s4p¹P₁.In the previously study, theelectron impact excitation differential cross section of the state3s3p¹P₁and3s4p¹P₁ofMg atoms have been widely studied in experimental and theoretical aspect. However,there were less works on the Stokes parameter study, especially for relative high excited state3s4p¹P₁. The results of this work have a good agreement with experimental andtheoretical results.In Chapter5we systematically investigate the total cross section, differential crosssection and Stokes parameters of electron impact excitation on Mg-like Ar6+transitionfrom ground state3s²¹S0to3s3p¹P₁.To discuss the electron correlation effect on the totalcross section, differential cross section and Stokes parameters, we chose two kinds ofcorrelation models to describe the target wave function. The results evident that in lowenergy collision, the effect of the electron correlation on differential cross section andStokes parameters is large at small scatting angle, in high energy collision, the effect issmall at the whole scatting angle, and also for total cross section. In addition, wecompared our results with other experimental and theoretical results; it found that have agood agreement at larger scatting angle, but larger difference at small scatting angle, thisneed to further study in experimental and theoretical aspect.