The Study Of The Microbial Community Structure In Two Types Of Habitats By Using DGGE

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) has been widely used forstudies of microbial diversity and community changes in microbial molecular ecology.In the environment of water, soil, air and so on, DGGE could present microbiologycommunity structure. Consequently, obtain the dynamic information of themicroorganism get the information of microbiology population dynamic and solve theunilateralism of traditional methods, development in the analysis environmentmicro-flora multi-diversity. DNA fragments were obtained from samples by DGGEafter polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of16S ribosomal genes. Applythe theory of DGGE, identified through cloning and sequencing the DGGE productsobtained the difference of microbial diversity community among the variousenvironments. Deteriorating water environment because of human activity, using themicroorganism to restore the water environment are more and more appreciate. Theapplication of DGGE identified the dominant microbiology community species ofwater ecosystem; provide a reliable theoretical basis to microbial remediation waterquality. The review described the application of DGGE in fresh water ecosystem fromsediment, plankton (planktonic bacteria, algae，zooplankton), biofilm andPicoeukaryotes.Amplified the16S rRNA of total microbial gene, DGGE, clone andsequencing technology on the relationship between Daphnia magna attachedmicrobial community with the surrounding environment, and five kinds wild fishesin Taihu.Small filter-feeding zooplankton organisms such as cladoceran Daphnia spp.are a key member of freshwater food web. Many achievements regarding theinfluences acted by Daphnia on the structure of phytoplankton and bacteria had beeninvestigated, but effects aroused by environment on the microbial community wererarely founded. In order to study the relationship between bacterial community composition carried by Daphnia magna and various cultivation environments,Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to separate the16S rRNAin this study. The results indicated that the diversity of microbial community ofDaphnia magna was low and high in sprirulina and photosynthetic and natural water,respectively. Dominant microbial communities taken by Daphnia magna includedβ-proteobacteria，γ-proteobacteria， Bacteroidetes and Bacilli. β-proteobacteria andγ-proteobacteria were attaching on Daphnia magna steadily, while Bacteroidetes wasreplaced by Bacilli after a few days feeding in natural water. The intestinal flora offish could affect the host in many ways, feeding of habits and living environment ofthe host have an impact on life in their body’s microbial. Fish intestinal flora throughthe metabolic enzyme-assisted digestion, you can learn more about aquatic animals ofdifferent feeding habits and digestive physiology characteristic directions around thewater level of environmental pollution and instructions biological functions of thewater environment.The structure of intestinal flora showed a difference in different fish species,feeding habits, growth environment. Fish of normal intestinal flora play a veryimportant role in the process of growth and development of fish, it has to participatein the digestion and absorption of nutrients, while at the same time served as thebody’s defense, maintaining the health of the body.The wild Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis,Cyprinus carpio carpio, Carassius auratus auratus and Erythroculter ilishaeformisfor the object were captured in Taihu, explore the intestinal flora diversity by usingPCR-DGGE fingerprint technology. Intestinal flora of the five fishes were detectedthe different PCR-DGGE fingerprints, and the average bands of Hypophthalmichthysnobilis (15) is higher relative to Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Cyprinus carpio carpio,Carassius auratus auratus and Erythroculter ilishaeformis. Based on PCR-DGGEfingerprint bands analysis, UPGMA cluster analysis and similarity analysis of bands,the results showed that the Culter individual similarity of the Hypophthalmichthysnobilis, Cyprinus carpio carpio and Erythroculter ilishaeform is higher than that ofHypophthalmichthys molitrix and Carassius auratus auratus. The feeding habits offishes are differences, the results of their intestinal flora significantly differentbetween feeding habits of fish closer to the small difference, which is relatively smallcarnivorous Culter diversity.