| The study mainly uses field survey and laboratory study, consulting large quantity of material. At the same time, applying related methods, do some research on Pyrola decorata and Pyrola callianthd’s ecological distribution, spatial distribution pattern and Pyrola calliantha’s morphological plasticity, the main results are as follows.(1)The Pyrola decorata is located in Taibai Mountain and Bodhisattva hall is its caps, elevation of2250m, its coenotype mainly contains Quercus variabilis forest, Quercuas alien var. acuteserrata forest and Quercus liaotungensis forest. The herbaceous layer is rare in the forest, lower richness. The Pyrola calliantha mainly live in the north slope of Taibai Mountain’s Bodhisattva hall-Sheep temple, elevation of2000-3000m, its coenotype mainly contains mixed wood, Betula utilis forest and Abies fargesii forest, with rich species. we can distinguish the Pyrola decorata and Pyrola calliantha not only through their elevation, Other features but also by their under ground rhizomes, cause those two kinds species’under ground rhizomes are very different. The Pyrola calliantha’s rhizomes are similar with Pyrola rugosa and Pyrola atropurpurea, slim and amphitropous or obliquus; The pyrola decorata’s rhizomes are hairchested, longitudinal growth in the soil, The maximum33cm deep in the soil.(2)We did not find the Pyrola calliantha and Pyrola decorata’s seedlings in the field survey, most of them are clonal growth. In the process of asexual reproduction, the Pyrola calliantha’s asexual small plants are ramification of stalk, belong to stem source clonal plant, the new clonal is produced by the breakage of rhizome; The Pyrola decorata asexual small plants are not only the ramification of stalk, but also the root’s, they are the root source and branch source types’clonal plants. Meanwhile, they can just produced by the breakage of root, can not through the breakage of rhizome.(3)In the small scale and the overall distribution, the Pyrola decorata and Pyrola calliantha’s spatial distribution pattern are all mainly present aggregate distribution, mainly because the majority of those two Pyrolas are vegetative propagation, limit the scope of population expansion. At the same time, the habitat heterogeneity can make those two plants growth area spread longer roots, more branches, improve the probability of generate seedlings, with denser asexual small plants (4)From the research of the Pyrola decorata and Pyrola calliantha’s theory sample number, when confirm the allowable error, the sampling number is determined by the average of samples:The greater the average, and the higher the population density, the smaller theory sample number will be needed. When the number is under50/m2, With the reduction of population density, the sample number has increased, but if above50/m2, With the improvement of population density, the sample number is not changed. In this survey, the population density of the Pyrola decorata and Pyrola calliantha is37.8plants/m2and89.0plants/m2, the survey sample number is10and9, the error of the Pyrola decorata is50%, and the Pyrola calliantha’s is30%.(5)Through comparing the spacer length, spacer pitch number, internode length and branching angle of the population of Pyrola calliantha which growing among mixed wood, Betula utilis forest and Abies fargesii forest. As a result, only the spacer length show notable differences, spacer pitch number, internode length and branching angle are not present significant difference, but the concentrated distributions of the each index are10-20mm,250-350mm and60°... |
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