The Systematic Implications Of Onocleae Sensibilis L. And Its Related Species About Reproductive Development

Many domestic scholars always adhere to Onocleaceae plant is relegated toDryopteridaceae plant category, because Dryopteridaceae kinds multifarious,classification system is difficult, therefore, the ball son department and fernDryopteridaceae the taxonomy position has been controversial and it is difficult todistinguish. With ferns plant taxonomy the deepening of the research, all kinds ofsystem theory is the impact of different level. Widely used in domestic Ren-Chang Qinsystem, Onocleaceae plants independent into view from Dryopteridaceae. In molecularsystematics research shows that the position of the ball, Onocleaceae in Blechnaceaeand Dryopteridaceae between, shows the evolution in on the close relationship betweenthe three, and support the ball, the son of uniparental sex fern. The development ofembryo for different organisms can system classification provide the best evidence, is toexplore the evolution of reliable clues. The classification of the early ferns on somecertain traits as a kind of difference between characteristic, for systematics researchaccumulated the massive morphological material. Including ferns spore germination, thegametophyte development, and the sporophyte anatomic features, but in thedevelopment of embryo research work is very few, the development process there are arelatively stable evolution characteristics, and provide reliable basis for classifiedevidence.This article selects Onoclea sensibilis and Matteuccia struthiopteris forexperimental material, using the method of artificial cultivation and paraffin slicecontinuous technology, in the optical microscope conditions detailed observations andrecords, both by the spore germination of the formation of the gametophyte organ in thedevelopment process, for the first time a comprehensive report the embryonicdevelopment to young sporophyte typical features of each stage, and son fern and podsfern ball sporophyte each part anatomic features. The results are as follows:The spores of Onoclea sensibilis and Matteuccia struthiopteris for single crack and2-face-type, have drape, reddish brown walls; Spore germination for books toVitaaria-type; The original leaves body development for Tectaria-type. Fern antheridialwalls are made by the first ring cells, the second cells and cover cells is composed of three parts; The archegonium development process, the primary abdomen cells rangingfrom two division and form large egg cells; The archegonium neck by four to six layerof cells form; The early embryonic development, the zygote split mode to XZY-type,type of development is the thin capsule fern; Late in embryonic development firstbreakthrough cap of the formation of the body of the first root and is the first, and thesecond YeYuan base development. The ball in the original leaves son fern body andabdomen with edge hairy body, and pods in the whole time gametophyte fern notobserved hairy body structure.Onoclea sensibilis and Matteuccia struthiopteris sporophyte anatomic featuresdetailed comparison observation. Both roots and petioles of vascular bundle in the moreprimitive type for the original column type, the root of the vascular bundles in for twoprototype; Stem has obvious groove a evolution features, and stem base by two vascularbundle up gradually formed together a larger opening of the above "U" glyph structureof the vascular bundles, and scale wool ferns in petiole have several vascular bundle,more rules are arranged in petiole infrastructure; In the Lord and in the veins of the ribbelow the skin with thick wall cells, the existence of thick wall cells for evolution type;The veins of the longitudinal cut observed in the xylem main composition is the moreprimitive features of the structure of threaded tubes cell; The leaves of the crosscutstructure shows, in the mesophyll has no fence organization and sponge tissuedifferentiation, but the existence of internal symmetry, for different planes leaves; Boththe vegetative leaves mature leaf epidermis cells for irregular shape characteristics,namely the anticlinal tangential wall for a wave, and stomatal for laying porosity, hastwo renal form the guard cells, no vice guard cells, stomatal for no rules type; In thelight of maximum level of the research of the ball and fern son pod sporangiadevelopment process and fern structure characteristics, sporangium from a single celldevelopment, and have a layer of sporangium wall, with sporangia sporangia handle, thesporangium type of development for thin capsule fern outline type; Fern pods withlongitudinal band, is the type of evolution..To sum up, the authors argue that the ball and fern pod is fern son have close kintwo kinds, and scale and hair ferns notable differences between, and think ball son fernsferns scale wool is original, so support the ball will be the son ferns into independentmeet. Although pods fern during development has not gametophyte hairy body structure, but the author does not support only on the basis of the characteristic difference, but willbe a kind of independence. Both the developing embryo first observed the formation ofroot leaf, but there has been no the stem development, so the root leaf Nayar supporttheory. Embryonic development type and dryopteridaceae individual kind of is same,and some of the characteristics of a organ in but dryopteridaceae individual kind ofprimitive. The number of the stem vascular bundle and form shows the ball, plants andson fern dryopteridaceae plants significantly different. The ball within the plant speciesson ferns individual development has some of the stability of the morphologicalcharacteristics, these features merger of different types of evolution and original. Thisarticle through the experimental research, so as the ball son ferns between species andgroups of related between classification system to provide reliable basis material.