| After 30 years of reform and opening-up, China's economic growth has been greatly increased, national wealth greatly increased, but this wealth is concentrated in cities, rural areas did not share the majority of the growth due to the share of the development gap between urban and rural areas, the income gap between the very poor, most rural areas still poor, serious impact on social fairness and justice. To solve this problem, the experts and scholars from different research fields, starting analyzes the causes of widening gap between urban and rural areas, and made many valuable suggestions to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas . But most previous studies from the economic system and the system of macroscopic aspect, this paper stdies the gap from production elements of the micro analysis to narrow the gap.Based on the problems related to the study at home and abroad were reviewed, this paper analyzed the meaning, status and relationships of human capital, the dual economic and urban-rural gap.Then take the human capital as the main view, using time series data analysis method, this paper studies the rural human capital of the income gap and consumption gap between city and country.Using the bright Mincer (1974), urban and rural per capita income models , take the education expenditure, food and medical expenses as factors , to analyze the influence of urban and rural gap in income and consumption , then empirical it.Empirical analysis of the conclusions is :Urban - rural human capital gap and urban- rural income gap are positively correlated. Urban - rural human capital gap and urban- rural consumption gap are positively correlated,too. Education is the most important of a kind of human capital investment, urban and rural labor's education chances inequality contributed to the differences of human capital quality in the quality ,then the differences between the influence to the labor productivity, and eventually lead to the urban-rural income differences ;Health care investment is one of the important ways of human capital investment, the improvement of health, people can improve labor productivity, increasing labor supply, promote residents' income growth.Therefore, to narrow the gap in our long period of the problem, we must improve the human capital stock level and practical narrowing the gap of human capital level between urban and rural areas. So we must strengthen education, medical and health investment, especially to strengthen education in rural areas. Finally,basis on the theoretical and empirical study results, to search for the narrowing gap countermeasures and Suggestions. |
