Analyzing The Structure Of Port Group In The Downstream Of Yangtze River

With large cargo transportation volume, the Yangtze River is the most important transportation river in China. The Yangtze River flows through totally eleven provincial administrative region. From the west to east which is Qinghai province, Sichuan province, the Tibet autonomous region, Yunnan province, Chongqing, Hubei province, Yunnan province, Jiangxi province, Anhui province, Jiangsu province and Shanghai. Finally flow into the East China Sea through Chongming County in Shanghai. Its tributary area also includes Gansu province, Guizhou province, Shanxi province, Guangxi province, Henan province, Zhejiang province and Guangdong province.The Yangtze River is divided into three sections. The upstream section is from the original source of Yangtze River to the city of Yichang in Hubei province. The middle section is from the city of Yichang to Hukou in Jiangxi province. The downstream section is from the city of Hukou to the estuary. As we know, the development of shipping industry depends on the port, especially in downstream section of Yangtze River, one of the most developed areas in China, The shipping industry has developed so rapidly that forming a large number of Port Enterprises. There are two major port groups in the downstream section. One is in Anhui province, including Wuhu port, Ma'an Shan port, Anqing port, Chizhou port, Tongling port, The other one is in Jiangsu province, including Nanjing port, Jiangyin port, Nantong port, Gaogang port, Zhengjiang port. They vary in scale; compete with each other, having the same hinterland. Their locations are closely. They become a group which is disorder in competition. These may lead a depression of each port performance and waste huge port resources. What is more, it become barriers to the durable developing of shipping industry in Yangtze River and bring economic lost to port city.In this paper, a relatively comprehensive analyzing method has been established which analyze port group structure in three aspects. Firstly, Gini coefficient, Hirshmann-Herfkindah index, Lorentz curve are used to describe the dynamic changing features of the Spatial structure of port group to determine whether the trendof the question port group is cluster or dispersed.Then, Clustering analysis method is used to analyze hierarchy of port group to determine the hub core port in port group. Finally, this paper identifies the special cargo types of the question hub core port by the way of setting up a Location Quotient Model of Port's Cargo Types.All these work is significant in planning right port developing strategy, integrating resources of port group and optimizing regional port group layout.