China Prepaid Card Market Research And Risk Analysis

Prepaid card as marketing, and funds management of important tools was commercial circulation Enterprise widely application; also as people daily life in the indispensable of small paid electronic tools, was widely application Yu public traffic, and communications, and medical service, and catering and the beauty salon, various area; meet social public on paid service diversified of reality demand, must degree Shang cover has to Bank for main of traditional paid settlement service of insufficient.With the diversification of the prepaid card issuing body, several types of payment companies, data processing, network companies, such as advance payments increase in main body, prepaid card has become industrial system. Prepaid card issuance and use of rapid expansion of the number, use the range of rich, functional innovation, their social and economic effects of crescendo.Since 2008, the outbreak of the global financial crisis, the U.S. authorities Mercator Adivisory latest release of "prepaid cards market research and forecast (2009-2012)" of the global prepaid market, issuing more than 33 surveys and studies conducted.Research results:2009 global prepaid card growth of 17.29%, higher than the growth in 2008. Prepaid card market instead of being implicated,2009 has become the global prepaid markets a year of explosive growth,2009 global prepaid card the size of the market reached US $ 1.0526 trillion.Development of common standards and normative constraints of the prepaid card industry participants, introduce related regulation of the local government, industry, maintaining the basic rights of the interested parties together to build healthy and sustainable environment is already listed on the agenda of the industry.This article from the perspective of the prepaid card market research and risk analysis, with the mainstream economics analysis method, the use of combined theoretical and empirical, and other analysis combining quantitative and qualitative methods, in a study on the theory of the literature on the prepaid card market at home and abroad on the basis, combined with our institutional background, using established models, empirical research methods, such as quantitative and qualitative analysis of the prepaid card market in China.Article first reviewed developments in the prepaid card market at home and abroad, history is as follows:in the United States, in the early 1970 of the 20th century prepaid card as the University campus of some projects and transportation card and birth, was the first to a closed-end prepaid card system. To the late 80's, telephone prepaid card began in the United States cities appears. In the mid 90, closed gift cards start forming prototypes. Up to now, many United States is the leading commercial banks in the development of prepaid card products, and fruits. Japan is now using a prepaid card shopping one of the most common. In Europe, the prepaid card first to make for the telecommunications market. July 1995 United Kingdom West of representative of the largest retail bank National Westminster Bank and Midland Bank joint enterprises issue a Mondex card, this card have the function of multi-purpose prepaid card, creating a multi-purpose prepaid card first. A paid consultancy company PSE said of Europe, European prepaid annual volume of about 150 million,5% per cent of the total amount of card payment transactions,3% per cent of total transactions. Growth rate will exceed 110% within the next 5 years, until the end of 2010 will reach approximately 2.3 billion, accounted for about 30% of total card.In China on prepaid card of research reflected out of problem main has following several aspects:consumer bear risk, issuing institutions mismanagement, may will appears "runs", this part loss who to pay, last May is Government, to raised public credit crisis; card within funds supervision, may will appears money-laundering, and was privately misappropriated; currently issued of prepaid card has many "fighter terms", for example:does not loss reporting, and does not cashed, and lost does not supplement, and validity limit, and expired aside, and eventually explained right return this company all and so on, these limit actually are is businesses unilateral of provisions, from a species degree Shang said is on consumer interest of a against; liquidation system security cannot protection, has potential risk; prepaid card on circulation in the cash of alternative rate more high, Central Bank on commercial banks liquidity ratio of control force on more was effect, Central Bank on financial markets of supervision.Then be picking this article on the prepaid card industry chain. Prepaid card industry has taken shape in China issuing, handling, transaction transfer chain consisting of business, can be summarized as a card issuing, card acceptance and trading transferred the three pillars. Prepaid card issued in China, the use of considerable size, at the national day, new year and other major holidays are in short supply. To enhance the attractiveness to consumer, get the economic benefits of economies of scale and synergy, prepaid cards in circulation has been on the market today is from a single legal entity, a single use, used in the region, to multiple, multiple use, used in multiple areas of legal person development trend.This article reviews the prepaid card history, after the development of domestic industries, then use two different methods on private prepaid market study and general purpose prepaid card market.The third section of this article is based on an empirical study on the method of special-purpose prepaid card market. Comparison of closed-end private prepaid card issuing main body disperse, for this reason, there is no uniform nationwide statistics, this through the 32 listed company changes in accounts payable in advance and based on a nationwide sample of more than more than 300 enterprises, relates to the Department stores, supermarkets, food and beverage industry distribution of prepaid card issuing conditions for research.Sample sample of listed companies, in the a-share listed companies about more than more than 60 distribution of listed companies, but this research purposes for the prepaid card market research analysis, although the distribution of listed company issued prepaid card is the card issuing amount is included in the accounts payable in advance, but many distribution of listed companies also conduct other business operations, such as real estate investment. Therefore these companies are excluded outside the sample in this article. Retained in of 32 listed companies in the sample is not all guaranteed to be pre-accounts receivable are amounts prepaid card sales, but their advance in the accounts payable amount most sold card is a prepaid card, so carefully screened, eventually leaving the 32 companies in the sample.Through the analysis of these samples analysis:prepaid cards Summit focused on sales and consumption during the holiday season, based on the weekdays and continuous observation of peak day of trading transactions, prepaid card transactions peak features apparent in the volume set.PartⅣis study on universal prepaid card market. Operation of the first to release Universal prepaid card company processes, for example, then the General features of the prepaid card market has been summarized. On the basis of the above, this use of queuing theory to universal prepaid card market precipitation study funds. Queued on probability regularity of main study various Queuing system, Captain is to study distribution, such as waiting time distributions and the free distribution. In order to estimate precipitation amount, this article will abstract the process of financial flows of a universal prepaid card payment platform for M/M/1/8 queue model, this article on the basis of the model on estimating common precipitation amount of prepaid card payment system.Part V is focus on the problems and risks of the prepaid card market. Problems in the prepaid card spending are:prepaid card fighter terms in consumer contracts, issuing institutions lack credibility, prepaid forced open card services and qualified prepaid card used, and so on. Prepaid card spending risks include: sedimentation risks of misappropriation of funds, credit risk, risks of corruption, private information disclosure risks of risk and the risk of tax evasion, money-laundering.Part VI in the knowledge of the prepaid card market after the existing problems and risks, made a number of regulatory levels of risk aversion on the prepaid card market recommendations. Includes:set up the card-issuing enterprises market access thresholds, service fraud of punitive compensation terms, the terms of the contract should be interpreted to consumers inclined, sunk capital margin system and so on.This article was last, after the analysis of the existing situation on the prepaid card market, the future development of the prepaid card market has been forecast. Prepaid card industry and commerce is inseparable from the circulation industry, two sectors affect each other. Commercial retail is the prepaid card industry development of soils and foundations, business development model of the circulation industry and innovation trends had important implications for development of prepaid cards; development of prepaid card also on commercial circulation development of further promoting the role of the industry. Closed special-purpose prepaid card, prepaid card market in the future of non-financial criteria of half-open open prepaid card prepaid cards, financial standard, as well as non-cash means of payment the same stage. There are all kinds of industrial capital, new entrants, and as the technology development of alternatives will give prepaid card prepaid card market the development of the forces nouvelles. For consumers, payment select diversification will also have a number of problems, such as more card types and management is not convenient, diversity of differentiation and consumer demands on card functionality, and so on. Prepaid phone cards will be more competitive.