| The basic medical insurance system is the important part of the social security system, it ensures that people can get the security of the people's basic medical service fairly, so it? was highly valued by peoples.? From a national perspective, Shanghai early start medical insurance reform, and has established a complete system framework. But because the running time of the Shanghai Medical Insurance System is not a long time, we need through a series of data analysis to research that the system has solved the fairness issue in the social insurance system really. Through the research of the fairness of the medical insurance system, we can improve the medical insurance system, and enhance the people's health, and improve the management and decision of government.In this paper, we talk about the fairness of the chance to get health insurance, financing is fair, the fairness of the chance to get medical service, the fairness of medical service level, and discuss the fairness on the medical insurance system. And we discuss the fairness in serious disease on Shanghai Medical Insurance through qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis for these aspects. The qualitative analysis is based on the literatures and the fact of Shanghai Medical Insurance analysis the fairness of the chance to get health insurance, financing is fair, the fairness of the chance to get medical service. Quantitative analysis is based on the data of the serious disease on Shanghai Medical Insurance of the relevant data from 2004 to 2009, to income group, for"Index of Dissimilarity"and"Concentration Index", discuss the fairness of medical service level. We discuss the problem of the fairness on Shanghai medical insurance. In the end, this article put forward a series of measures .In this paper, we talk about the fairness in serious disease of Shanghai Medical Insurance and the analysis of problems, the conclusion that: (1) the medical expense individual burden existence is unfair. (2) medical resources dispose the existence not to be unfair. (3) the increase of the retirees and rising cost of influence will affect the fairness of medical service level. Based on the above conclusions, we give advice: adjusting the system of medical insurance, optimizing health resources, increasing government investment in medical insurance. |