Management System Reform Of State-owned Small Farms

Our state farm first appeared as early as during the War of Liberation。In the the 1950s,the state farms were funded and developed by the state in great force. The state farms have comprehensive departments of education, science, culture and hygiene,dispersed on the vast Chinese land,and have been defined as state-owned enterprises in agriculture. After years of development, the state farms have made great contributions to the development of land resources,increasing social employment and increasing quantity of commodities. Though the number of state farm were reduced largely since 1950s,for example except Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps other provinces'Production and Construction Corps have been cancelled, there are 5658 medium-sized and small-sized reclamation farms in china by 2008,including 1893 farms, 1498 industrial enterprises, 401 construction enterprises,227 transport enterprises,1639 commercial enterprises.With the gradual establishment of the socialist market economy and the further deepening of reform and opening-up, the current operation mechanism and management system of state farm cannot meet the needs of the contemporary socialist market economy excellently, and in some ways it seriously hinders the development of state farm. Although a series of reforms have been carried out or have been carrying in most state farms in china, the uniform reform pattern has not come into being in the process, and very useful reform experience has not been reviewed. At this stage in the course of reform and development in state farms,although the government department has adopted a series of positive measures to accelerate the farms'reform and development,there also exist some acts of omission which restrict the reform and development in state farms. For a long time the state farm has been a relatively independent economic and social unit,and it is said that"a sparrow may be small but it has all the vital organs",so the management of the farm will undertake not only economic functions of state-owned enterprises but also massive government and social functions,and the phenomenon which is absent from their duties or overrun in acts of government is serious. Thereinto some state farms have already grown into large enterprises,but their managements undertake massive government and social functions yet. After years of development,there is no big difference between some state farms and local towns,but they are still under the name of state farm. These factors influence the reform and development of the state farms.There are some relatively small-scale farms in our state farms such as state-owned or state-operative agriculture,grassland farming and fishery seed multiplication farms or foundation seed farms which are funded by the government of cities and counties(the"small-three farm"). They are faced with highly slippery reform problems because these farms are different from not only the big state-owned farms which are authorized by these superior bureau of state farms and land reclamation but also the general towns which are authorized by these superior government of cities and counties. At this current stage,it is a problem which the state-operative agriculture,grassland farming and fishery seed multiplication farms or foundation seed farms must face in the course of reform and development that in what respect the farms should develop and how the farms should develop. The paper retrospected and summarized development course of the state Diaodong cotton foundation and found problems that appear in the process of development in agriculture, husbandry and fishes.It analysed the problems from the reforming direction in state agriculture, husbandry and fishes. social security system on staff in farm, farm management system and farm property right.so,many measures were put forward according to the state Diaodong cotton foundation'sown peculiarity. Scientific reforming direction , social security system, land economics,and farm property right were made to force state agriculture, husbandry and fishes farm to find the road of reforming adjust itself.resulting developments on economics and management.At the same time, the paper can offer the government to have a reasonable selection on state farm reformingand offer many suggestions tohelp state-owned farms developments.