Design Of Rang-based Wireless Sensor Networks Node And Research Of Localization Technology

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an advanced and high technology that related to multiple subjects and aroused international attention, also it is one of the most popular research fields in 21st century. Wireless Sensor Networks has the advantages of strong self-healing ability, large network scale, broad coverage and network self-organized. Wireless Sensor Networks is widely used and received good benefit in the field of agriculture, industry, medicine and so on. Range-based location technology of Wireless Sensor Networks is of great theoretical and practical significance because of its high precision, which has become a research hotspot in the field of localization.Because the traditional nodes of WSN are high power and high cost, and the most of the nodes are working in harsh environments, which is a disadvantage to large-scale deployment and the life of Wireless Sensor Networks nodes. Meanwhile, in large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks, how to use least anchor nodes to locate unknown nodes under the precondition of ensuring accuracy is a worth research problem. To solve the problems above, in this thesis, a type of node with low power, small size, low cost, and the ability of resisting environmental destruction is designed based on a large number of references. Meanwhile, this thesis improved generic localized algorithm and simulated by Matlab based on the research of the algorithm deeply, experiment proved the localization precision of the algorithm enhanced. Finally, the nodes of Wireless Sensor Networks which are designed by this thesis are used in environmental emergency vehicle, and received desired results. The main work and achievements are as follows:1. To make up the shortcomings of traditional Wireless Sensor Networks nodes, in this thesis, the hardware of Wireless Sensor Networks nodes is designed, which have the features of low power, small size, low cost, and the ability of resisting environmental destruction. The communication between node and PC, between nodes and nodes, between nodes and instruments are implemented by C language combined with Keil C and protocol rules of XBee-PRO.2. Based on the research of location technology of Wireless Sensor Networks deeply, the localization precision of anchor nodes which are upgraded by improving generic localized algorithm is enhanced, and the accumulation error is reduced in next localization. The improved generic localized algorithm is simulated by Matlab, experiment proved average localization accuracy has been improved.3. The designed Wireless Sensor Networks nodes were used in environmental emergency vehicle, the small size nodes are easy to carry and deploy, the low cost nodes can achieve large-scale deployment, the low power and survivability nodes can extend the life. Meanwhile, the localization technology also helps to build pollutant dispersion models.Finally, the application of Wireless Sensor Networks nodes in environmental emergency vehicle has received good results. The localization precision is enhanced significantly with improved generic localized algorithm, which will provide software and hardware platform and theoretical basis a step forward to build pollutant dispersion models.