The Ancient Greek Heavy Infantry Institutional Structure And Change The Causes Of

According to the history of ancient Greece military, the system of heavy infantry played a central role in wars between ancient Greece countries. Also, its emergence, development and decline consist with the course of the rise and fall of the ancient Greece civilization. Such heavy infantry system is a more perfect military system, from the study of which we could learn more about the process of military development in ancient Greek and restore the whole historical feature of ancient Greek. As the first complete military system in Western Military History, combing the context of its development would help to sort out the context of the institutional development of the Western Military.Based on this, the text depends on classical historical materials, learning from the researches of modern scholars especially the military historians about the system of ancient Greece military, combining with knowledge of military science, culture anthropology and other related disciplines, integrated using the historian research methods of historical analysis and mutual proof, to define the concept of the system of heavy infantry and discuss the characteristics of the system. In this paper, the theory of Historical Materialism is the guide. Through analyzing politics, economy as well as related battles the heavy infantry participated, this text will comb the course of rise and fall and focus on analyzing the military factors which led to the course.The full text is composed of Preface, Body, Conclusion and References.The preface introduces the domestic and foreign academic researches on the topic and related issues, outlines the academic value and significant of this article topic.The body consists of three parts.Part1Firstly, distinguish the concept of the heavy infantry system of ancient Greek, clear the differences between the military regime and the political concept of the heavy infantry class. In the subsequent discussion, analyze its origin:the heavy infantry system is a product of the interaction of ancient Homer Greek social military traditions and the Greece politics and economy together. Through analyzing its structure of equipments and tactics, demonstrating its compositions and tactics, point out that the system of heavy infantry is such a system that the heavy infantry is the core, while the cavalry and light infantry are the auxiliary. Finally, according to the theory of Historical Materialism, analyze the factors influencing the structure of the system of heavy infantry.Part2Through analyzing several decisive battles happened in Classical Greek world, explore the use of the heavy infantry system in military practices. During the period of Persian Wars, the heavy infantry system protected effectively the political independence of the Greek world and achieved its military value. However, in Peloponnesian War, this system encountered a series of plight. In the strategy, its absolutely qualitative role was replaced by the navy; in the tactic, the light infantry also posed a threat. With the analysis of the predicament faced by the heavy infantry system, point out the different reasons of the difficulties faced in the strategies and tactics. In the strategy, the reason of being replaced by the navy mainly came from the levels of politics and economy; in the tactic, the system that single relied on heavy infantry phalanx tactics and ignored the light troops and cavalry which should be a supporting role, was the main reason led to face the difficulties. In the end, taking Athens, Sparta and Thebes for example, explore the different degrees of reform of Greek heavy infantry system.Part3Through analyzing the Macedonia synthesis army and the Roman legions system, combining with the related wars, discuss the historical process of replacing the heavy infantry system. By contrasting the heavy infantry system with Macedonia synthesis army and the Roman legions system, point out that the disadvantage of the tactical structure is the military reason led the heavy infantry system replaced by the emerging military regime.