The "Law" On The Jin Merchants Of Ming And Qing Dynasties

The Jin Merchants is a unique business group in the history of China, in the situation of lack of"marriage Land Claims"in ancient codes, relying on its own group of"law"operating mechanism, on the one hand protects the normal activities of development of the commercial, on the one hand to reduce and resolve the inevitable commercial disputes. This paper analyzes the Jin merchants of Ming and Qing Dynasties, on existence and characterization of the customary law by them, and the regulation in the business community also the outside the business community of social relations, to explain in premise of protect the group's interest that how the customary law run and how to play its role of Jin Merchants in Ming and Qing Dynasties of China. And to map some of the problems of today's society for reference.This "law" of the content will not be limited to the meaning of the statute in the country, among the practical knowledge and application of the Jin merchants, based on multi-level manifestations of traditional Chinese law, including not only state laws but also "ceremony" part belong to tradition. It has the nature of customary law and autonomy characteristics in social conditions under the Ming and Qing in China.This article is divided into six parts, by the introduction and five sections of the composition.The first chapter is the knowledge on the "law" of the business community in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Including two parts. Involved in this "law" of Jin Merchants the customary nature and the characteristics of autonomy. And also the "Act" of the Jin merchant group of Ming and Qing Dynasties: one is the industry standard and the contract of the Jin merchants organization, one is the punishment of the merchants Organization.The second chapter is the generation of Jin Merchants Group, features and performance. Divided into three parts. The outset that the business community for economic development in the Ming and Qing premise appears to adapt to social requirements, Shanxi because of its convenient geographical location, natural environment is unfavorable farming, the higher society evaluation of merchants, the country's business opportunities, and become the most successful business group of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Secondly, the geographical feature of Jin merchants, the last is the main form of Jin merchants.The third chapter is Jin merchants'"law" making use of internal regulations of Ming and Qing. Divided into four sections. To explain Jin merchants of "law" regulate internal business practices, the penalties for violations of business rules and Jin merchants organizations on the implementation of these rules. Jin merchants have recognized the binding effect of the rules, and further understanding of the role of its default behavior, as well as the righteousness and interest spiritual content of Jin merchants.Chapter IV is Jin merchants'"law" of foreign operations. Divided into four sections. Including the relationship between Jin merchants with intermediaries, official, local ruffians and hooligans, and the other merchants organization. To explain Jin merchants'"law" of social recognition.Chapter V is about the Jin merchants'"law" and business ethics. Divided into two parts, illustrate how the Jin merchants to construct and maintain the business ethics, through the both way of ideological indoctrination and regulatory regimes.Appeared as a success group in the history of the business community, there are many areas worthy of study of Jin merchants. The paper study with the view of the operation of the law to this historical phenomenon, use the method of legal history, economic history, social and cultural history , expect to explain the actual meaning, better able to play a role in today's society.