Schmidt's Interpretation Of Marx's Concept Of Nature

Today, the contradictions between people and nature are becoming increasingly prominent and environmental problems become as obstacles of our economic development. In this case, it is necessary to read the understanding of the theory of Marx regarding the relationship between man and nature. At the same time, we have to learn from the west marxist view of nature derives. As the distinguished representative of west marxism, Alfred Schmidt provides special field of vision to our understanding of the concept of nature. Their thoughts about the relationship between man and nature provide useful insights for people to deal with those relations, to coordinate social development and environmental protection, and to better meet the challenges facing today.The main part of the essay firstly talks about the concept and the core of nature. Marx's definition of nature involved three angles:all things, the surroundings, and the element of people's activities. Meanwhile, Marx pointed out that the properties of nature were objective, human, and historic. From ancient Gruce to now, the concept of nature developed from 'nature' to 'natural matter of assemble'. The core is the relationship between human and nature. Between man and nature, there are four basic relationship interaction, practice, ethics and aesthetics. The relationship between human and nature is superior to that of people and people. Between man and nature, there exists satisfaction and value relation. People's attitude towards nature went through three stages:natural worship, the centre of and against humanity centrality. The essence of relationship between human and nature is human relations and they are unified.Secondly, the essay emphasizes on Alfred Schmidt's understanding of Marx's concept of nature. In the "Marx's concept of nature", in the field of epistemology, Schmidt was critical at natural dialectics. Meanwile, Schmidt tried to correct Lucas's idealistic dialectics. Schmidt took the methods of two logic:one was objective law, the other was subjective will which Lucas had ever used. However, criticism of natural dialectics and admission of the basic theory of the premises conflicted with each other, making it in chaos, which was actually caused by abstract dualism of modern philosophy on ontology. Therefore, Marx used the concept of practice to unify them. In the question of whether an idea is true or not, object and subject should both be considered. In epistomology, the concept of practice derives from the concept of material. The objective and subjective of practise results from material, and also the passivity from the physical law. Marx said, capitalist society created great wealth but it ruined the nature, so it should be substituted by communist society. Marx found out the way of harmony for human and nature by unifying naturalism and humanitarian which conquered the opposition of natural centrality and human centrality. Schmidt doubted about it. His definition of "utopia" meaned impossible. And he considered Marx to be an 'Utopian being'. He found five reasons:the identity of human and nature, the function of science and technology, disappear of ideology, relation between inevitable and free, and liberation of the natural instinct of people.At last, on the background of relation between human and nature, we try our best to find solutions to practical dilemmas, so our party reviewed the sustainable development. Sustainable development means to meet the needs of both modern age, people, and without prejudice to future generations to meet the needs of the ability to develop. Seeking harmony between human and nature is necessary not only for rich, development and improvement of marxism but also plays an important part in the current handle of the relationship between human and nature.