| Vocabulary is the most active element of language learning and language using, which directly reflects the fast development of the society and the rapid achievement of the economy. So vocabulary is the mirror of the society and culture, it will definitely leading to the change of language. The wide spread of the internet and media have greatly speeded up the information transfer, and hence accelerated the development of technology and society. Admittedly, the constant emergence of many new things, new phenomena, new concepts and new ideas will thus lead to creation of a large number of novelty words and phrases undoubtedly. News neologism plays a vital role in the process of culture transmitting and information communication among various countries and different regions, areas. With the flourishing growth of global politics and economy, neologisms of political news both in Chinese and English also have mushroomed, which deserves our further analysis and study in this field.When we review the current studies, there are many works and periodical articles concerned with the issue of the neologisms both domestically and abroad, on the contrary, there are comparatively few on the political news. Many of the previous research mainly concentrated on the rules and structures of the formation of some new words, and most of the authors would like to illustrate many examples of these words in different semantics fields so as to explain the origin of the neologisms; some are just from the perspective of rhetoric to study the neologisms both in Chinese and English; some culturalists paid close attention to the pragmatics use of the neologisms from the pragmatic's angel, and generalized this phenomena as a kind of fuzziness; what is more, some scholars commence their research mainly from the inner meaning of the new words and then analyze their way of word formation, thus they put forward some suggestions on how to teach the students'acquisition of new words from the pedagogical perspective. Based on what the former studies have done, many researchers begin to apply some relevant theories in cognitive linguistics to analyzing the neologisms. However, there are few researches concerned with the neologisms of political news among different languages, and the one that can apply the theory of metaphor and metonymy to analyzing this language phenomenon is extremely rare. Therefore, the author in this paper would like to put the cognitive metonymy and its relevant theories to use, through analyzing the deeper formation mechanism of neologisms both in English and Chinese so as to explore the great commonality and the slight differences both in English and Chinese.The author would combine the methods of qualitative and quantitative analyses as well as a comparative study of English and Chinese in use to analyze and compare the neologisms already collected. By introducing the qualitative analysis the author attempts to find out the formation types and the cognitive mechanisms of neologisms of political news; and through the way of applying the methods of quantitative analysis and a comparative study of English and Chinese as the author tries to work out the data and make a careful comparison of the collected statistics. As a result, the data adopted in this paper are mainly come from the dictionaries and the websites. They are Oxford Advanced Learner's English-Chinese Dictionary (Extended sixth edition)(2004), A Dictionary of Chinese Neologisms (2005-2011)(2011), An English-Chinese Dictionary of Neologisms(2011), A Chinese-English New words and Expressions(Abridge Version)(2011), An Intermediate&Advanced Course for English Interpretation(2011), simultaneously combined with some famous website of English new words, such as the word spy.www.wordspy.com, the urban dictionary: http://www.urban dictionary.com and so on.Through a comparative study of English and Chinese neologisms of political news, the major findings can be illustrated as follow, the similarity of neologisms of political news both in English and Chinese far outweigh the differences in terms of the word formation types and the cognitive mechanisms. The commonalities can give the credit to common mechanisms of human beings behind them, namely the mechanism of conceptual metaphor and cognitive metonymy, while the differences should not be overlooked owing to such factors as the different cultural backgrounds, various lifestyles and remote geographical distance; what is more, for the analysis of the English and Chinese neologisms of political news the theories of metaphor and cognitive metonymy have exert strong explanatory power when dealing with this language issue; last but not least, the study of neologisms in the field of political news can shed some light on some other relevant fields, which will promote the study of the neologisms. |
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