The Study Of The History Of Jihu

Jihu is an active minority in Qinjin Area during the period of the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang dynasties. It is also named Shanhu(山胡),Buluoji(步落稽),Buluojian(步落坚),Buluoji(部落稽),Bingjianhu(并州胡),Fenchuanhu(汾川胡),Tujinghu(吐京胡),Lishihu(离石胡),Shichenghu(石城胡),Xihehu(西河胡),etc. As a minority, it is an important part and a later representive of Zahu of Huns.From forth century to ninth century, Jihu was distributed in the west of Fen River valley, the east of Yinchuan Plain, the south of Mu Us Desert and the north of Guanzhong Plain. It went through Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Ningxia Province which are on both sides of the Yellow River and Loess Plateau. As a kind of Zazhonghu, it has been called Jihu finally. People of Jihu who settled down near the boundary of animal husbandry and agriculture of North China had a half herding way of life. They spoke Jihu language which belonged to Turks language system. This minority has been formed by the internal migration of Huns and the tribes that belonged to Huns; therefore, it had a complicated source. However, though Jihu is a Zahu, people still hold the opinion that Huns are their ancestors.As a minority, Jihu started in forth century, formed in fifth century, and disappeared in the middle of ninth century because of the combination with other nations. It had been around over400years which went through Wei Jing Sui Tang Dynasties in Loess Plateau of Qinjin Area. Additionally, Jihu affected the regime of many dynasties such as the Liuzhen uprising and national upheaval in Northern Wei Dynasty, the confrontation against Eastern Wei and Western Wei Dynasty, the war between Northern Qi Dynasty and Northern Zhou Dynasty in order to unite the Northern States, the peasant war at the end of Sui Dynasty and the fighting among Tang Dynasty, Khitan, Ancient Tibet and Turks.Jihu has been formed by Northern Huns, Xiyuhu and Shanrongbaidi, then changed into Shatuo, Tuyuhun and Dangxiang, and finally combined with Han Nationality. At the present time, the descendants of Jihu still live in Loess Plateau. Jihu was formed and disappeared because of national combination. As a representative of the nations in Wei Jing Sui Tang period, the growth and the death of Jihu proved that Chinese nation is unity of pluralistic society. It also embodied the sense of cohesion and belonging of Chinese nation.